Exam 40: Hormones and Endocrine Systems

A) influences the blood pressure
B) regulates appetite
C) controls body temperature
D) balances the water balance in the body
E) All are functions of the hypothalamus.

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A) Peptide hormones are derived from peptides, proteins, polypeptides, and derivatives of amino acids.
B) Peptide hormones bind to receptors on the cell surface.
C) Peptide hormones stimulate the formation cyclic AMP inside the cell.
D) Peptide hormones must enter the cell in order to have an effect.
E) Peptide hormones create an enzyme cascade effect.

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A) An endocrine gland can respond to the blood level of the hormone it produces.
B) A hormone can trigger a second gland to secrete a hormone that dampens production of the first hormone.
C) A second contrary hormone can counteract the effect of the first hormone.
D) A product can trigger hormone production; the hormone can then reduce the amount of product which in turn reduces the level of hormone.
E) All of the choices are correct.

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A) the target tissues have evolved different responses.
B) metamorphosis is caused by a change in body metabolism.
C) the organisms have absolutely no evolutionary relationship.
D) the chemical composition of the hormone is actually slightly different.
E) the origin of the hormone makes a difference in the effect the hormone has on target tissues.

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A) The ovaries signal the rest of the body tissues by varying the level of estrogen.
B) Conscious awareness of the arrival of a baby triggers the mother's hypothalamus to secrete prolactin.
C) The hypothalamus and pituitary that triggered the female reproductive cycle also schedule milk production on a nine-month clock basis.
D) ADH produced by the baby passes through the placenta and, added to the mother's ADH, builds up her milk production relative to the size of the fetus.
E) Oxytocin causes both the uterus to contract in labor and the release of milk from mammary glands, which is reinforced by prolactin from the pituitary.

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A) Neither steroid nor non-steroid hormones would be effective.
B) Steroid hormones would continue to be effective but non-steroid hormones would be ineffective.
C) Non-steroid hormones would continue to be effective but steroid hormones would be ineffective.
D) Both steroid and non-steroid hormones would continue to be effective.

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A is a nontarget cell and B points to ta...

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A) Abnormally low level of ADH secretion from the hypothalamus which results in low levels of ADH in the posterior pituitary, preventing the reabsorption of water in the kidneys.
B) Abnormally high level of ADH secretion from the hypothalamus which results in low levels of ADH in the posterior pituitary, preventing the reabsorption of water in the kidneys.
C) Abnormally low level of ADH secretion from the hypothalamus which results in high levels of ADH in the posterior pituitary, increasing the reabsorption of water in the kidneys.
D) Abnormally low level of oxytocin secretion from the hypothalamus which results in low levels of ADH in the posterior pituitary, preventing the reabsorption of water in the kidneys.
E) Abnormally low level of ADH secretion from the hypothalamus which results in low levels of ADH in the posterior pituitary, increasing the reabsorption of water in the kidneys.

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A) pancreas
B) pineal gland
C) adrenal gland
D) thyroid gland
E) pituitary

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