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Exam 20: Accounting Changes and Error Corrections

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Question 51

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What is the effect of the error on Berkshire's 12/31/2013 balance sheet?

A) There are no errors in the 12/31/2013 balance sheet.
B) Assets understated by $600,000 and shareholders' equity understated by $600,000.
C) Assets understated by $420,000 and shareholders' equity understated by $420,000.
D) Liabilities understated by $180,000 and shareholders' equity overstated by $420,000.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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Question 52

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Mobic Inc. acquired some manufacturing equipment in January 2010 for $400,000 and depreciated it $40,000 each year for three years on a straight-line basis. During 2013, the manufacturer announced a new technology for this type of equipment that will make the old models obsolete by the end of 2016. As a result, Mobic will plan to replace the equipment at that time, effectively reducing the asset's life from ten to seven years. In its financial statements for 2013, Mobic should:

A) Charge $280,000 in depreciation expense.
B) Report the book value of the equipment in its12/31/2013 balance sheet at $210,000.
C) Make an adjustment to retained earnings for the error in measuring depreciation during 2010-2012.
D) None of the above is correct.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Question 53

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During 2013, Hoffman Co. decides to use FIFO to account for its inventory transactions. Previously, it had used LIFO.

Washburn Co. spent $10 million to purchase a new patented technology, debiting an intangible asset and crediting cash. Washburn uses SYD depreciation on its depreciable assets and plans to amortize the intangible asset on a straight-line basis.

Describe in detail the way companies report most voluntary changes in accounting principle.

Describe the way we account for a change in estimate. What is the appropriate accounting if we are unable to determine whether a change is a change in estimate or a change in principle?

A company switched from the cash basis to the accrual basis for recognizing warranty expense. The unrecorded liability for warranties was $2 million at the beginning of the year. Its tax rate is 30%. The company booked a year-end warranty liability of $3 million. As a result of this change, the firm would:

Johnson Company receives royalties on a patent it developed several years ago. Royalties are 5% of net sales, receivable on September 30 for sales from January through June and receivable on March 31 for sales from July through December. The patent rights were distributed on July 1, 2012, and Johnson accrued royalty revenue of $50,000 on December 31, 2012, as follows: Johnson received royalties of $65,000 on March 31, 2013, and $90,000 on September 30, 2013. The patent user indicated to Johnson that sales subject to royalties for the second half of 2013 should be $600,000. Required: Prepare any journal entries Johnson should record during 2013 related to the royalty revenue.

Which of the following is a change in estimate?

A company failed to report the $600,000 additional liability for its underfunded pension plan. Its tax rate is 30%. As result of this error, retained earnings would be:

A company changes depreciation methods. Briefly describe the steps the company should take to report this accounting change in its current comparative financial statements.

JFS Co. changed from straight-line to DDB depreciation. The journal entry to record the change includes:

If a change is made from straight-line to SYD depreciation, one should record the effects by a journal entry including:

A company failed to record unrealized gains of $20 million on its available for sale security investments. Its tax rate is 30%. As a result of this error, comprehensive income would be:

Moonland Company's income statement contained the following errors: Ending inventory, December 31, 2013, understated by $6,000 Depreciation expense for 2013 overstated by $1,000 What is the effect of the errors on 2013 net income before taxes?

Indicate the nature of each of the situations described below using the following three-letter code. CODE DESCRIPTION CPR: Change in principle reported retrospectively CPP: Change in principle reported prospectively CES: Change in estimate CRE: Change in reporting entity PPA: Prior period adjustment required ____ Change from FIFO inventory costing to LIFO inventory costing. ____ Change from LIFO inventory costing to FIFO inventory costing. ____ Change in the composition of a group of firms reporting on a consolidated basis. ____ Change to the installment method of accounting for receivables. ____ Change in actuarial assumptions for a defined benefit pension plan. ____ Change from sum-of-the-years' digits depreciation to straight-line. ____ Change from expensing extraordinary repairs erroneously recorded as an expense to capitalizing the expenditures. ____ Change in the percentage used to determine warranty expense. ____ Change from reporting postretirement benefits according to the provisions of U.S. GAAP. ____ Change in the residual value of machinery.

Blue Co. has a patent on a communication process. The company has amortized the patent on a straight-line basis since 2009, when it was acquired at a cost of $36 million at the beginning of that year. Due to rapid technological advances in the industry, management decided that the patent would benefit the company over a total of six years rather than the nine-year life being used to amortize its cost. The decision was made at the end of 2013 (before adjusting and closing entries) . What is the appropriate patent amortization expense in 2013?

If inventory is understated at the end of 2012 and the error is not discovered, how will net income be affected in 2013?

Which of the following would not be accounted for using the retrospective approach?

Buckeye Company purchased a machine on January 1, 2011. The machine had a cost of $260,000 with a $10,000 residual value. The estimated useful life of the machine was eight years. On January 1, 2013, due to technological innovations, the estimated useful life was reduced by two years from the original life and the residual value was reduced by 50%. The company uses straight-line depreciation. Required: Prepare the journal entry to record the annual depreciation on December 31, 2013.