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Substances such as bacteria and viruses that are perceived as abnormal to the body and provoke an immune response are called ________________.

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The thoracic duct collects lymph from all of the following except the


A) abdomen.
B) left leg.
C) right arm.
D) right foot.
E) left shoulder.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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  -This figure shows a lymph node and its components.Which is not visible in the enlarged region indicated by number 3? A) Medullary sinus B) Lymphocytes C) Trabecula D) Cortical sinus E) Macrophage -This figure shows a lymph node and its components.Which is not visible in the enlarged region indicated by number 3?


A) Medullary sinus
B) Lymphocytes
C) Trabecula
D) Cortical sinus
E) Macrophage

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Tonsils have multiple germinal centers and invaginated outer edges called _______ that help trap material.


A) crypts
B) trabeculae
C) sinuses
D) clefts
E) fissures

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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Regions of MALT called Peyer patches are found in the


A) urinary bladder.
B) stomach.
C) vagina.
D) small intestine.
E) trachea.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Which area does not contain MALT?


A) Urinary tract
B) Respiratory tract
C) Genital tract
D) Gastrointestinal tract
E) None of the choices is correct.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Thymic hormones


A) are secreted in response to stimulation by activating hormones from the pituitary gland.
B) stimulate T-lymphocyte maturation and differentiation.
C) are produced by the cortical lymphocytes.
D) are stored in thymic corpuscles prior to release.
E) stimulate the activity of nurse cells.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Lymph is transported through a network of increasingly larger lymphatic passageways.What is the correct order of these,from smallest diameter to largest diameter?


A) Capillaries - ducts - trunks - vessels
B) Ducts - capillaries - vessels - trunks
C) Vessels - capillaries - trunks - ducts
D) Ducts - vessels - capillaries - trunks
E) Capillaries - vessels - trunks - ducts

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Which cell type is targeted by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ?


A) Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte
B) Memory B-lymphocyte
C) Helper T-lymphocyte
D) Natural killer cell
E) Plasma cell

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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Obstruction of the flow of lymph in lymphatic vessels can lead to an accumulation of interstitial fluid in the tissues.This condition is characterized by pain and swelling,and is called ________________.

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Which is not correct regarding the white pulp of the spleen?


A) Its cells include T-lymphocytes,B-lymphocytes,and macrophages.
B) Its cells are arranged in clusters that are circular in shape.
C) Its cells can initiate the immune response.
D) It serves as a blood reservoir.
E) Each cluster of white pulp is surrounded by red pulp.

F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

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The pharyngeal tonsils are located


A) along the posterior margins of the tongue.
B) in the posterior wall of the nasopharynx.
C) at the base of the palatoglossal arches.
D) in the posterolateral region of the oral cavity.
E) lateral to the uvula in the oropharynx.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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What is the function of dendritic cells within lymph nodes?


A) They initiate replication of macrophages.
B) They conduct signals between activated T-lymphocytes to accelerate the immune response.
C) They collect antigens and present them to T-lymphocytes.
D) They secrete lymphatic hormones to stimulate adjacent lymph nodes.
E) They absorb fluid when infected,causing the lymph nodes to swell and become tender to the touch.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

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  -This figure shows a lymph node and its components.What is the enlarged region indicated by number 1? A) Lymphatic nodule B) Lymphatic corpuscle C) Cortical sinus D) Medullary cord E) Medullary sinus -This figure shows a lymph node and its components.What is the enlarged region indicated by number 1?


A) Lymphatic nodule
B) Lymphatic corpuscle
C) Cortical sinus
D) Medullary cord
E) Medullary sinus

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which lymphatic structures form from the pharyngeal pouches?


A) Palatine tonsils
B) Lingual tonsils
C) Thymus gland
D) Palatine tonsils and thymus gland
E) Palatine,pharyngeal,and lingual tonsils

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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Which lymphatic organ contains red pulp and white pulp?


A) Thymus gland and lymph nodes
B) Spleen and lymph nodes
C) Lymph nodes
D) Spleen
E) Thymus gland

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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The composition of lymph is most similar to


A) whole blood.
B) blood plasma.
C) interstitial fluid.
D) extracellular fluid.
E) intracellular fluid.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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The spleen phagocytizes old or defective erythrocytes and platelets in a process known as ________________.

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The germinal center of a lymphatic nodule contains proliferating B-lymphocytes and macrophages.

A) True
B) False

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Which are not tonsils?


A) Adenoids
B) Palatine tonsils
C) Pharyngeal tonsils
D) Lingual tonsils
E) Palatoglossal tonsils

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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