Question 1

Which individual would be considered the fittest?

Accepted Answer

A)   Individual that has the longest canine teeth within the group
B)   Individual that has the greatest number of breeding opportunities
C)   Individual that has the best camoflauge to avoid predators
D)   Individual that controls the largest territory
E)   Individual that has the greatest number of offspringF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 2

Today, cheetahs show extreme genetic similarity. This is evidence of

Accepted Answer

A)   past gene flow.
B)   a past bottleneck event.
C)   a history of directional selection.
D)   a history of few genetic mutations.
E)   assortative mating.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following is not one of the conditions required for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mutations must not occur.
B)   Natural selection must not occur.
C)   Random mating must not occur.
D)   Genetic drift must not occur.
E)   Assortative mating must not occur.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

What characteristic do a bottleneck and a founder effect have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)   Both encounter a population crash.
B)   Both involve a portion of a population becoming isolated.
C)   Both involve a decrease in a population's genetic diversity.
D)   Both affect the entire population.
E)   Both are a type of natural selection.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 5

If p = 0.6, what is q?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.6
B)   0.4
C)   0.36
D)   0.15
E)   0F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

Which of the following does not generate genetic variation within a population?

Accepted Answer

A)   genetic recombination
B)   independent assortment of alleles
C)   sexual reproduction
D)   mutations
E)   adaptationF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following does not result in a decrease of genetic variation?

Accepted Answer

A)   natural selection
B)   genetic drift
C)   bottleneck effect
D)   founder effect
E)   mutationF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 8

In the figure shown here, flower color of a population is distributed in a bell-shaped normal curve. If the white flower color increases in frequency in the population, this would illustrate

Accepted Answer

A)   stabilizing selection.
B)   disruptive selection.
C)   directional selection.
D)   genetic drift.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Directional selection in the modern horse is demonstrated by

Accepted Answer

A)   the gradual decrease in size over time.
B)   the rapid decrease in size over time.
C)   the gradual increase in size over time.
D)   the rapid increase in size over time.
E)   the extinction of other horse species.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

The usage of the insecticide DDT to control mosquitos resulted in

Accepted Answer

A)   directional selection to insecticide resistance in the insects.
B)   stabilizing selection to insecticide resistance in the insects.
C)   disruptive selection to insecticide resistance in the insects.
D)   genetic drift to insecticide resistance in the insects.
E)   no change in the insect population.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

Individuals who inherit sickle cell disease, a recessive disorder, tend to die at an early age while individuals who are homozygous for their blood cells survive. How does the recessive allele persist in the population?

Accepted Answer

A)   New individuals who are recessive for sickle cell will migrate into the area.
B)   Spontaneous mutations will occur on Homozygous individuals that causes them to develop a recessive allele.
C)   The recessive allele will not persist within the population. It is always weeded out.
D)   Each generation some individuals will be born that by chance will inherit the recessive allele.
E)   Individuals who are heterozygous for the sickle cell trait have an advantage in certain environments.F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 12

All of the genes and all of their associated alleles within a population represent the population's

Accepted Answer

A)   genotype.
B)   gene flow.
C)   gene pool.
D)   genome.
E)   Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 13

Which of the following examples is one of genetic drift?

Accepted Answer

A)   A forest fire kills all plant life south of a highway.
B)   Rabbits with longer fur survive the winter.
C)   Insects resistant to insecticide survive crop dusting.
D)   Colorful lizards living on brown leaves are most often eaten by predators.
E)   Flowers with larger flowers attract more butterflies than smaller flowers.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

The frequency increase of dark phenotypes in response to increased pollution is called

Accepted Answer

A)   genetic drift.
B)   founder effect.
C)   industrial melanism.
D)   assortative mating.
E)   stabilizing selection.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

If people with freckles preferentially mate with other people with freckles, this would be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   microevolution.
B)   natural selection.
C)   genetic drift.
D)   nonrandom mating.
E)   gene flow.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 16

If a population recovers to its original population size after experiencing a bottleneck, which statement is correct regarding this population?

Accepted Answer

A)   The recovered population is as likely to go extinct as is the population prior to the bottleneck.
B)   The bottleneck subjected the population to directional selection.
C)   The recovered population shows less genetic diversity that the population prior to the bottleneck.
D)   The recovered population shows more genetic diversity than the population prior to the bottleneck.
E)   The recovered population is more likely to go extinct as is the population prior to the bottleneckF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

In the process of natural selection, individuals that are most fit are the ones that are

Accepted Answer

A)   most likely to survive.
B)   most likely to reproduce.
C)   most likely to migrate.
D)   most likely to mutate.
E)   most likely to be physically fit.F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 18

British land snails primarily occur in two extreme phenotypes. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   directional selection.
B)   stabilizing selection.
C)   disruptive selection.
D)   genetic drift.
E)   mutation.F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 19

A population of bacteria is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. However, through repeated exposure to an antibiotic, the frequency of the recessive allele is rapidly increasing. What is the most likely explanation for this response?

Accepted Answer

A)   The recessive allele is responsible for susceptibility of the bacteria to the antibiotic.
B)   The dominant allele is responsible for susceptibility of the bacteria to the antibiotic.
C)   The recessive allele is responsible for resistance of the bacteria to the antibiotic.
D)   The population is experiencing gene flow.
E)   The population is experiencing disruptive selection.F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 20

What statement is false regarding the differences between a biological species and subspecies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Crosses between biological species cannot produce fertile offspring, crosses between subspecies can produce fertile offspring.
B)   Subspecies are "races" within a single species.
C)   Gene flow exists among different subspecies but not among species.
D)   Greater degrees of allelic frequencies exist between species than among subspecies.
E)   Phenotypes of different species are easily recognizable; little to no phenotypic variation exists among subspecies.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Exam 15: Evolution on a Small Scale

Today, cheetahs show extreme genetic similarity. This is evidence of

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A population of bacteria is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. However, through repeated exposure to an antibiotic, the frequency of the recessive allele is rapidly increasing. What is the most likely explanation for this response?

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What statement is false regarding the differences between a biological species and subspecies?

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Directional selection in the modern horse is demonstrated by

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The frequency increase of dark phenotypes in response to increased pollution is called

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What characteristic do a bottleneck and a founder effect have in common?

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In the process of natural selection, individuals that are most fit are the ones that are

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Which of the following examples is one of genetic drift?

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Which of the following does not generate genetic variation within a population?

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If a population recovers to its original population size after experiencing a bottleneck, which statement is correct regarding this population?

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The usage of the insecticide DDT to control mosquitos resulted in

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Which individual would be considered the fittest?

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If people with freckles preferentially mate with other people with freckles, this would be an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the genes and all of their associated alleles within a population represent the population's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

British land snails primarily occur in two extreme phenotypes. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Individuals who inherit sickle cell disease, a recessive disorder, tend to die at an early age while individuals who are homozygous for their blood cells survive. How does the recessive allele persist in the population?

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Which of the following is not one of the conditions required for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

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Which of the following does not result in a decrease of genetic variation?

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If p = 0.6, what is q?

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In the figure shown here, flower color of a population is distributed in a bell-shaped normal curve. If the white flower color increases in frequency in the population, this would illustrate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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