Question 1

Why is the innervation ratio in the ocular muscles one motor axon per 23 muscle fibers,whereas in the gastrocnemius muscle it is one motor axon per 1000 muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

A)   There are more nerves in the upper body than in the lower extremities.
B)   The ocular muscles require finer control than moving the legs.
C)   The innervation ratio has to do with the overall size of the muscle--the bigger the muscle, the fewer the muscle fibers per motor axon.
D)   The gastrocnemius muscle contracts much harder than the ocular muscles do.
E)   There are fewer muscle fibers in the gastrocnemius muscle than in the ocular muscles.F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

What is the name of the small gap that separates the axon terminal of a nerve from the sarcolemma?

Accepted Answer

A)   T tubule
B)   sliding filament
C)   synaptic cleft
D)   synaptic vesicle
E)   sarcoplasmic reticulumF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

The actin and myosin filaments _______________ when a muscle contracts.

Accepted Answer

A)   shorten
B)   lengthen
C)   stay the same lengthD) A) and C)
E) None of the above

Question 4

Which of the following does not occur when you are very,very cold?

Accepted Answer

A)   More blood flows to the surface of the body.
B)   Smooth muscle contracts inside the blood vessels supplying the skin.
C)   The arrector pili muscles contract.
D)   Shivering occurs.
E)   You get goose bumps.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 5

Fibromyalgia is a temporary condition of achy muscles,usually due to overuse.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Of the three types of muscle tissue,which is not striated?

Accepted Answer

A)   smooth muscle
B)   cardiac muscle
C)   skeletal muscleD) B) and C)
E) A) and B)

Question 7

Of the three pathways for obtaining ATP for muscle contraction,which one requires oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)   the creatine phosphate pathway
B)   fermentation
C)   respirationD) All of the above
E) B) and C)

Question 8

What is the biggest muscle (in terms of mass) in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)   gluteus maximus
B)   sartorius
C)   stapedius
D)   quadriceps femoris
E)   latissimus dorsiF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 9

In good muscle tone,how many motor units are contracted?

Accepted Answer

A)   none
B)   some
C)   allD) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 10

One sarcomere

Accepted Answer

A)   extends from Z line to Z line.
B)   is composed of many myofibrils.
C)   contains only actin fibers.
D)   is composed of many muscle fibers.
E)   surrounds each muscle in the body.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

What is the name of a sudden and involuntary muscular contraction,often accompanied by pain?

Accepted Answer

A)   bursitis
B)   sprain
C)   strain
D)   tic
E)   spasmF) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 12

Why are slow-twitch muscles dark?

Accepted Answer

A)   They have many more myofibrils per motor unit than fast-twitch fibers.
B)   They are designed for strength and explosions of energy.
C)   They need less blood than fast-twitch fibers.
D)   They contain myoglobin.
E)   They have fewer mitochondria.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

What is the difference between a tic and a spasm?

Accepted Answer

A)   A tic is a spasm that can be controlled voluntarily.
B)   A tic is a strong, and very painful spasm, especially of the leg and foot.
C)   A tic is caused by stretching or tearing of a muscle, while a spasm is just an involuntary contraction.
D)   A tic is caused by the inflammation of a tendon, while a spasm is just an involuntary contraction.
E)   A tic refers to achy muscles, usually due to over exercise, while a spasm is just an involuntary contraction.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

Which way does the adductor longus move the thigh?

Accepted Answer

A)   away from the midline
B)   toward the midline
C)   in a circle
D)   in a cone
E)   towards the backF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

Muscles can only pull; they cannot push.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

What information does the word rectus give you about a muscle?

Accepted Answer

A)   the size of the muscle
B)   the attachment of the muscle
C)   the action of the muscle
D)   the shape of the muscle
E)   the direction of muscle fibersF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Of the three pathways for supplying ATP to the muscle,which pathway do slow-twitch fibers prefer?

Accepted Answer

A)   the creatine phosphate pathway
B)   fermentation
C)   aerobic respirationD) A) and B)
E) None of the above

Question 18

Contraction of a muscle requires all the motor units to be undergoing tetanic contraction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What is happening during the latent period of a muscle twitch?

Accepted Answer

A)   The muscle relaxes and returns to its former length.
B)   Fresh ATP binds to the myosin causing it to return to its resting position.
C)   ADP and phosphate are released, and the power stroke of the contraction occurs.
D)   The myosin-actin cross-bridges are broken and the sarcomere shortens.
E)   The neurotransmitter is diffusing across the synaptic cleft causing an electrical signal in the muscle cell.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

The endocrine system,nervous system,muscular and skeletal systems,cardiovascular systems,urinary system,and digestive system are all involved in calcium homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Muscular System

What is the name of the small gap that separates the axon terminal of a nerve from the sarcolemma?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are slow-twitch muscles dark?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fibromyalgia is a temporary condition of achy muscles,usually due to overuse.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One sarcomere

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The actin and myosin filaments _______________ when a muscle contracts.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the three pathways for supplying ATP to the muscle,which pathway do slow-twitch fibers prefer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is the innervation ratio in the ocular muscles one motor axon per 23 muscle fibers,whereas in the gastrocnemius muscle it is one motor axon per 1000 muscle fibers?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Muscles can only pull; they cannot push.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Contraction of a muscle requires all the motor units to be undergoing tetanic contraction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the three pathways for obtaining ATP for muscle contraction,which one requires oxygen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the biggest muscle (in terms of mass) in the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the three types of muscle tissue,which is not striated?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the name of a sudden and involuntary muscular contraction,often accompanied by pain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In good muscle tone,how many motor units are contracted?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the difference between a tic and a spasm?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The endocrine system,nervous system,muscular and skeletal systems,cardiovascular systems,urinary system,and digestive system are all involved in calcium homeostasis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What information does the word rectus give you about a muscle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is happening during the latent period of a muscle twitch?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which way does the adductor longus move the thigh?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not occur when you are very,very cold?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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