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Exam 31: Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply

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Question 31

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Other things equal,a decrease in the real interest rate will:

A) expand investment and shift the AD curve to the left.
B) expand investment and shift the AD curve to the right.
C) reduce investment and shift the AD curve to the left.
D) reduce investment and shift the AD curve to the right.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 32

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If aggregate demand decreases,and as a result,real output and employment decline but the price level remains unchanged,it is most likely that:

A) the money supply has declined.
B) the price level is inflexible downward and a recession has occurred.
C) cost-push inflation has occurred.
D) productivity has declined.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 33

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The greater the upward slope of the AS curve,the larger is the realized multiplier effect of a change in investment spending.

Graphically,the full-employment,low-inflation,rapid-growth economy of the last half of the 1990s is depicted by a:

Other things equal,an improvement in productivity will:

The shape of the immediate-short-run aggregate supply curve implies that:

Suppose that real domestic output in an economy is 20 units,the quantity of inputs is 10,and the price of each input is $4.Answer the following question on the basis of this information. The per-unit cost of production in the economy described is:

Answer the question on the basis of the following table for a particular country in which C is consumption expenditures,I_g is gross investment expenditures,G is government expenditures,X is exports,and M is imports.All figures are in billions of dollars.Each question is independent of other question using the same table,unless otherwise stated. $\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {Price Level}}\\128 \\125 \\122 \\119 \\116\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {C}} \\ \$ 18 \\20 \\22 \\24 \\26\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\mathrm{I}_{\mathrm{g}} }\\ \$ 2 \\4 \\6 \\8 \\10\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {G }}\\ \$ 3 \\3 \\3 \\3 \\3\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {X }}\\\$ 1 \\2 \\3 \\4 \\5\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {M}} \\ \$ 5 \\4 \\3 \\2 \\1\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {Real GDP}} \\ \\\\\\ \\\\\end{array}\end{array}$ Refer to the table.If this nation's equilibrium price level is 125,its net exports will be:

In which of the following sets of circumstances can we confidently expect inflation?

Answer the question on the basis of the following table for a particular country in which C is consumption expenditures,I_g is gross investment expenditures,G is government expenditures,X is exports,and M is imports.All figures are in billions of dollars.Each question is independent of other question using the same table,unless otherwise stated. $\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {Price Level}}\\128 \\125 \\122 \\119 \\116\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {C}} \\ \$ 18 \\20 \\22 \\24 \\26\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\mathrm{I}_{\mathrm{g}} }\\ \$ 2 \\4 \\6 \\8 \\10\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {G }}\\ \$ 3 \\3 \\3 \\3 \\3\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {X }}\\\$ 1 \\2 \\3 \\4 \\5\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {M}} \\ \$ 5 \\4 \\3 \\2 \\1\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {Real GDP}} \\ \\\\\\ \\\\\end{array}\end{array}$ Refer to the table.If equilibrium real GDP is $31 billion,the equilibrium price level will be:

Answer the question on the basis of the following table for a particular country in which C is consumption expenditures,I_g is gross investment expenditures,G is government expenditures,X is exports,and M is imports.All figures are in billions of dollars.Each question is independent of other question using the same table,unless otherwise stated. $\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {Price Level}}\\128 \\125 \\122 \\119 \\116\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {C}} \\ \$ 18 \\20 \\22 \\24 \\26\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\mathrm{I}_{\mathrm{g}} }\\ \$ 2 \\4 \\6 \\8 \\10\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {G }}\\ \$ 3 \\3 \\3 \\3 \\3\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {X }}\\\$ 1 \\2 \\3 \\4 \\5\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {M}} \\ \$ 5 \\4 \\3 \\2 \\1\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {Real GDP}} \\ \\\\\\ \\\\\end{array}\end{array}$ Refer to the table.If the amounts of GDP supplied at the price levels shown (in descending order) are $27,$25,$22,$18,and $13,the equilibrium price level will be:

The interest-rate effect suggests that:

An increase in wealth from a substantial increase in stock prices will move the economy along a fixed aggregate demand curve.

The short-run aggregate supply curve represents circumstances where:

Answer the question on the basis of the following information.An economy is employing 2 units of capital,5 units of raw materials,and 8 units of labor to produce its total output of 640 units.Each unit of capital costs $10;each unit of raw materials,$4;and each unit of labor,$3. Refer to the information.If the per-unit price of raw materials rises from $4 to $8 and all else remains constant,the per-unit cost of production will rise by about:

The factors that affect the amounts that consumers,businesses,government,and foreigners wish to purchase at each price level are the:

An economy's aggregate demand curve shifts leftward or rightward by more than changes in initial spending because of the:

Answer the question on the basis of the following table for a particular country in which C is consumption expenditures,I_g is gross investment expenditures,G is government expenditures,X is exports,and M is imports.All figures are in billions of dollars.Each question is independent of other question using the same table,unless otherwise stated. $\begin{array}{c}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {Price Level}}\\128 \\125 \\122 \\119 \\116\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {C}} \\ \$ 18 \\20 \\22 \\24 \\26\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\mathrm{I}_{\mathrm{g}} }\\ \$ 2 \\4 \\6 \\8 \\10\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {G }}\\ \$ 3 \\3 \\3 \\3 \\3\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {X }}\\\$ 1 \\2 \\3 \\4 \\5\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {M}} \\ \$ 5 \\4 \\3 \\2 \\1\end{array}\begin{array}{c}\underline{\text {Real GDP}} \\ \\\\\\ \\\\\end{array}\end{array}$ Refer to the table.A decrease in the interest rate not caused by a change in the price level would:

The aggregate supply curve (short run) is upsloping because:

The determinants of aggregate demand: