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The various lender-of-last-resort programs implemented by the Fed in response to the financial crisis of 2007 and 2008:


A) severely depleted the assets of the Federal Reserve.
B) have been little used,and therefore are ineffective.
C) increased the moral hazard problem by limiting losses from bad financial decisions.
D) were designed to offset the moral hazard created by the TARP and other bailout programs.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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The members of the Federal Reserve Board:


A) serve seven-year terms.
B) are appointed by the American Economic Association.
C) are elected by votes of the 12 presidents of the Federal Reserve Banks.
D) are appointed for 14-year terms.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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A checking account entry is money because it:


A) is ensured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
B) has been declared as such by the federal government.
C) performs the functions of money.
D) can be sold for currency.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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The U.S.Treasury is the only agency authorized to put money into circulation in the U.S.economy.

A) True
B) False

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(Consider This) Credits cards are:


A) the fastest growing component of the M1 money supply.
B) near-monies that are part of the M2 money supply but not the M1 money supply.
C) not money,as officially defined.
D) also known as time deposits.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Paper money (currency) in the United States is issued by the:


A) U.S.Mint.
B) Federal Reserve Banks.
C) U.S.Treasury.
D) national banks.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Money market deposit accounts are included in:


A) M1 only.
B) M2 only.
C) neither M1 nor M2.
D) both M1 and M2.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve has ____ members.


A) 5
B) 7
C) 9
D) 14

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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To say money is socially defined means that:


A) money has been defined in a Constitutional amendment.
B) whatever performs the functions of money extremely well is considered to be money.
C) the money supply includes all public and private securities purchased by society.
D) society,acting through Congress,specifies what shall be included in the money supply.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Banks lost money during the mortgage default crisis because:


A) of defaulted loans to investors in mortgage-backed securities.
B) they held mortgage-backed securities they had purchased from investment firms.
C) homebuyers defaulted on mortgages held by the banks.
D) of all of these reasons.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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Small-denominated time deposits,by definition:


A) mature in one month or less.
B) mature in one year or less.
C) are less than $100,000.
D) are held by state and local banks only.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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The purchasing power of money and the price level vary:


A) inversely.
B) directly during recessions but inversely during inflations.
C) directly but not proportionately.
D) directly and proportionately.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The group that sets the Federal Reserve System's policy on buying and selling government securities (bills,notes,and bonds) is the:


A) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) .
B) Federal Bond Sale Authority.
C) Council of Economic Advisers.
D) Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) .

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Charter One,Pentagon Federal Credit Union,and Boeing Employees Credit Union are all primarily:


A) commercial banks.
B) thrifts.
C) insurance companies.
D) pension funds.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Assuming no other changes,if balances in money market deposit accounts increase by $50 billion and small-denominated time deposits decrease by $50 billion,the:


A) M1 and M2 money supplies will not change.
B) M2 money supply will increase.
C) M1 money supply will decline.
D) M2 money supply will increase and the M1 money supply will decrease.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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During periods of rapid inflation,money may cease to work as a medium of exchange:


A) unless it has been designated legal tender.
B) unless it is backed by gold.
C) because it is too scarce for everyone to have enough for transactions.
D) because people and businesses will not want to accept it in transactions.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following does not explain what backs the money supply in the United States?


A) It is backed by gold.
B) It is widely accepted in transactions.
C) It is designated "legal tender" by the federal government.
D) It is relatively scarce.

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Answer the question on the basis of the following table:  Year  Price Level Value of Dollar 11.00$1.0021.2530.8040.50\begin{array}{ccc}\underline{\text { Year }} &\underline{ \text { Price Level} } &\underline{ \text { Value of Dollar }} \\1& 1.00 & \$ 1.00 \\2 & 1.25 & \\3 & 0.80 & \\4& 0.50 &\end{array} Refer to the table.The value of the dollar in year 4 is:


A) $1.50.
B) $0.33.
C) $0.50.
D) $2.00.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Research involving industrially advanced countries suggests that:


A) the more independent the central bank,the lower the average annual growth of real GDP.
B) the more independent the central bank,the higher the average annual growth of real GDP.
C) there is no relationship between the degree of independence of a country's central bank and the growth rate of its real GDP.
D) the less independent the central bank,the higher the average annual rate of inflation.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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An important routine function of the Federal Reserve Bank is to:


A) supervise the liquidation of the assets of bankrupt state banks.
B) help large commercial banks develop correspondent relationships with smaller commercial banks.
C) advise commercial banks as to the most profitable ways of reinvesting profits.
D) provide facilities by which commercial banks and thrift institutions may collect checks.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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