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If the price of oil falls, the economic viability of alternative energy sources also tends to fall.

A) True
B) False

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Melanie and Oli are competing Pacific halibut fishers. Both have been allocated ITQs that limit their catch to 1,000 tons of Pacific halibut each. Melanie's cost per ton is $20; Oli's cost per ton is $28. If the market price of Pacific halibut is $40 per ton, and Melanie and Oli both catch their quota, their combined profit will be


A) $12,000.
B) $22,000.
C) $25,000.
D) $32,000.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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Demographers expect world population to peak and then decline in the twenty-first century.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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A BTU is the amount of energy needed to


A) raise the temperature of one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit.
B) boil one gallon of water for one minute.
C) raise the air temperature one degree Celsius for one hour.
D) raise the temperature of one pint of water by one degree Celsius.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Over the past two decades, total and per capita water use in the United States have


A) both increased.
B) leveled off and fallen, respectively.
C) fallen and leveled off, respectively.
D) increased and fallen, respectively.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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In the absence of enforceable property rights, there is little incentive to preserve resources for future use.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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ITQs generate the most efficient use of resources when everyone keeps and fills their own quotas.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Individual transferable quotas (ITQs)


A) promote efficiency and limit catches.
B) promote efficiency in production but still lead to overfishing.
C) limit catches but encourage production cost increases that are inefficient.
D) have failed to limit catches or promote efficiency.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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In 2014, according to U.S. Energy Information Administration data, which of the following sources of energy contributed the smallest share to U.S. electricity generation?


A) petroleum
B) nuclear
C) hydropower
D) natural gas

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Increases in U.S. living standards have matched increases in per capita energy use.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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