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When a firm combines experience based learning and process innovation,the firm


A) jumps to a steeper learning curve.
B) experiences an increase in per-unit cost.
C) loses its competitive advantage.
D) moves down the existing learning curve.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Both BioThink Inc.and GD Pharma Inc.have discovered similar vaccines to prevent cancer.While GD Pharma's vaccine sells at $100 per unit,BioThink sells its vaccine at $90 per unit.This price differentiation has mainly been attributed to the companies' capital decisions.While BioThink used its retained earnings to develop the vaccine,GD Pharma borrowed funds from banks to develop the vaccine.Thus,GD Pharma pays a higher interest on its capital,which makes it necessary to price its vaccine higher.Thus,the key driver for BioThink's competitive advantage is


A) low-cost input factors.
B) economies of scale.
C) superior customer service.
D) availability of complements.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A firm achieves differentiation parity ideally when


A) it creates the same customer value as its competitors.
B) its cost of production is higher than that of its competitors.
C) it successfully sells its products and services at a higher price than its competitors.
D) its product features and services are better than that of its competitors.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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To be cost-competitive,a firm should


A) position itself below the productivity frontier.
B) operate at the minimum efficient scale.
C) attain the highest cost position.
D) avoid moving on to a steeper experience curve.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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A successfully implemented blue ocean strategy allows a firm to


A) charge a higher price than the cost-leader in the industry.
B) create lesser economic value than the differentiator in the industry.
C) reduce its value gap beyond that created by the cost-leader in the industry.
D) increase its price above that of the differentiator in the industry.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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In the multiplex industry,Vibrant Movies Inc.is an upscale multiplex that focuses on superior customer experience.The firm charges premium prices for its movie tickets and services.Global Cine Inc.,in contrast,charges the lowest price in the industry with its no-frills approach.In between these two segments is True Movies Inc.,which offers a customer experience comparable to that of Vibrant Movies at a price almost as low as that of Global Cine.What strategy is True Movies pursuing in this scenario?


A) liquidation strategy
B) product diversification strategy
C) market penetration strategy
D) blue ocean strategy

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following scenarios would threaten a firm that uses a differentiation strategy?


A) The firm increases the uniqueness of its product without increasing its price.
B) The firm adds product features that raise cost and perceived value.
C) The firm's focus shifts to price rather than value-creating features.
D) The firm's product has not established an acceptable standard of quality.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following statements accurately brings out the difference between economies of scale and economies of scope?


A) Economies of scale refer to the decreases in per-unit cost with decreases in output, whereas economies of scope refer to the increases in per-unit cost with increases in output.
B) Economies of scale result in decreasing returns to scale, and economies of scope result in constant returns to scale.
C) Economies of scope are the savings that come from producing two or more outputs from the same resources, whereas economies of scale are decreases in per-unit cost with increases in output.
D) Economies of scope are realized when a firm operates at the minimum efficient scale, whereas economies of scale are realized when the firm operates beyond the minimum efficient scale.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Both Blue Horizons Electronics Inc.and CLR Inc.have achieved cost parity in the television market.To gain and sustain a competitive advantage against CLR,Blue Horizons Electronics should


A) achieve differentiation parity with CLR.
B) keep its value gap lower than that of CLR.
C) create greater perceived economic value than CLR.
D) increase its cost of production to more than that of CLR.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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At a certain output level,the per-unit cost incurred by a firm to manufacture a product was $60.Once the cumulative output doubled,the cost per unit reduced to $54.All other factors remaining constant,the firm has been able to achieve a(n)


A) 80 percent learning curve.
B) 90 percent learning curve.
C) 60 percent learning curve.
D) 54 percent learning curve.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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A firm experiences diseconomies of scale when it


A) has a constant return to scale.
B) moves down the experience curve.
C) produces at an output level beyond the minimum efficient scale.
D) has a steep learning curve when compared to its competitors.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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To initiate a strategic move that allows a firm to open up new and uncontested market space through value innovation,managers must address four key questions when formulating a blue ocean business strategy.These questions focus on


A) increasing cost and maintaining perceived customer benefits.
B) lowering cost and maintaining perceived customer benefits.
C) lowering cost and increasing perceived customer benefits.
D) increasing cost and increasing perceived customer benefits.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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When a firm makes choices between a cost or value position to achieve competitive advantage,it is primarily involved in


A) collective bargaining.
B) strategic trade-offs.
C) arbitration.
D) mediation.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Help Yourself Inc.publishes many types self-help books.Recently,the consumer demand for winter gardening books has increased significantly.Although Help Yourself has limited production facilities,it has increased the production of these books to meet this demand.It hopes to get books to the market faster than its closest competitor,who is also increasing the production of winter gardening books.Which of the following aspects of business-level strategy has Help Yourself accomplished?


A) It has enhanced its internal strengths.
B) It has eliminated its weaknesses.
C) It has exploited external opportunities.
D) It has avoided external threats.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following best explains why a blue ocean strategy is difficult to implement?


A) It requires the combination of fundamentally similar strategic positions-differentiation and low cost.
B) It requires the reconciliation of fundamentally different strategic positions-differentiation and low cost.
C) It requires the combination of fundamentally similar strategic positions-differentiation and strategic trade-offs.
D) It requires the reconciliation of fundamentally different strategic positions-differentiation and strategic trade-offs.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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While Aros Inc.incurs a cost of $20 for a pair of shoes,Shoes Cult Inc.,its competitor,manufactures a pair of shoes at $22.Both the companies are able to sell their shoes for a maximum of $30 per pair.Which of the following statements is true in this scenario?


A) Both Aros and Shoes Cult have achieved differentiation parity.
B) Aros is a cost-leader when compared to Shoes Cult.
C) Aros has created a greater economic value than Shoes Cult.
D) Shoes Cult has a competitive advantage over Aros.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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AccuroDisk Inc.manufactures external hard disks for $32 per unit,and the maximum price customers are willing to pay is $47 per unit.TD Storage Inc.is a competitor of AccuroDisk Inc.that produces external hard disks for $37 per unit,and customers are willing to pay a maximum price of $50 per unit.What does this imply?


A) AccuroDisk and TD Storage share differentiation parity.
B) TD Storage has a competitive advantage over AccuroDisk in terms of perceived value.
C) AccuroDisk creates a greater economic value than TD Storage.
D) TD Storage is a cost-leader when compared to AccuroDisk.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following is more of a value driver than a cost driver?


A) superior customer service
B) economies of scale
C) learning-curve effects
D) experience-curve effects

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Home Smart Inc.is a chain of supermarkets that sells its products at higher prices than its competitors.Yet,the supermarket chain has a large customer base due to its wide product portfolio and superior customer service.Which of the following generic business strategies has Home Smart adopted in this scenario?


A) cost-leadership
B) differentiation
C) market penetration
D) product diversification

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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As it takes less and less time to produce the same output,learning curves usually


A) go up.
B) go down.
C) stay the same.
D) fluctuate.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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