Question 1

You are part of a research team trying to sequence the genome of bacterial species X,which has a genome size of 2.2 Mb.You plan to use shotgun DNA sequencing and want to sequence at least 99% of the genome.How many Mb of DNA should you sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  10.13
B)  4.61
C)  0.01
D)  9.02E) C) and D)
F) B) and C) A

Question 2

Which of the following is TRUE regarding plasmids?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plasmids are small,usually a few thousand to ten thousand base pairs.
B)  Plasmids are linear.
C)  Plasmids are contained within the bacterial chromosome.
D)  Plasmids are rarely found in prokaryotes.
E)  Plasmids dominate in eukaryotes.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

Prokaryotic genomes often contain a circular chromosome with hundreds of thousands of genes and highly repetitive DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The current genome databases are biased towards species that are important from a research,medical,or agricultural perspective.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 5

What is needed if a researcher wants to analyze genes in different species for their homologies? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)   Amino acid or nucleotide sequences from both species.
B)   A computer program with the ability to search large amounts of data for matching sequences.
C)   Knowledge of the function of the gene in both species.
D)   Database containing nucleotide or amino acid sequences of many species.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

What question is most likely to be answered if the goals of the Human Genome Project are met?

Accepted Answer

A)  Should companies that discover disease-related genes (ex: BRCA genes) and develop tests for those genes be allowed to patent them?
B)  How did plasmids evolve?
C)  How many genes does the genome of Borrelia burgdorferi contain?
D)  What are the functions of repetitive sequences in prokaryotic organisms?E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 7

What must be provided to the BLAST program for identifying homologous sequences within the database?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleotide sequence
B)  amino acid sequence
C)  protein molecular weight
D)  protein molecular weight or nucleotide sequence
E)  nucleotide sequence or amino acid sequenceF) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 8

If a gene's sequence is compared among several different vertebrates and they are found to be 95% homologous,one can assume that the genes are derived from the same ancestral gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

If the nitrogenous bases of both a DNA transposon and a retroelement were tagged with fluorescent markers,what statement best describes the result after transposition of both types of TEs has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)  The markers would be found at the new site of the DNA transposon,but not at the new site of the retroelement.
B)  The markers would be found at the new site of the retroelement,but not at the new site of the DNA transposon.
C)  The markers would be found at the new sites of the DNA transposon and the retroelement.
D)  The markers would be not be found at either new site.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

DNA can be found in all of the following cellular locations EXCEPT the

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondriA.
B)  chloroplast.
C)  nucleus.
D)  golgi apparatus.
E)  plasmid.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 11

Which of the following most adequately describes how the Alu element may have proliferated to constitute 10% of the human genome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Multiple retroelements code the same gene.
B)  Retroelements increase with every generation.
C)  A single retroelement can be copied into many RNA transcripts.
D)  Retroelements increase with each cell division.
E)  Retroelements show self-proliferation.F) D) and E)
G) All of the above C

Question 12

Which of the following statements about the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prokaryotic genomes are less complex than eukaryotic genomes.
B)  Prokaryotic genomes have centromeres,whereas eukaryotic genomes do not.
C)  Eukaryotic genomes have telomeres,whereas prokaryotic genomes do not.
D)  Prokaryotic genomes have one origin of replication,whereas eukaryotic genomes have multiple origins of replication.
E)  Chromosomes of prokaryotes have little repetitive DNA compared with chromosomes of eukaryotes.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

Researchers are interested in the genomes of prokaryotic species for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria cause many diseases that affect people,plants,and animals.
B)  bacteria reveal modes of infection.
C)  bacteria are more highly advanced than humans.
D)  the origin of the first eukaryotic cell probably involved a union between an archaeal and a bacterial cell.
E)  All of the choices are reasons for studying genomes of prokaryotic species.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

Genome databases have been created for all of the following model organisms except?

Accepted Answer

A)  fruit fly
B)  mouse
C)  humans
D)  Escherichia coli
E)  American alligatorF) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 15

Some transposable elements contain a central region that encodes transposase,an enzyme that facilitates the actual transposition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Small chromosomal duplications provide raw material for the addition of genes into a species' genome.These duplications create two or more copies of the same gene,where one or both of the genes can subsequently mutate.These genes are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  sister chromatids.
B)  homologous chromosomes.
C)  homologous genes.
D)  transposable elements.
E)  duplicated chromosomes.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

You overhear colleagues discussing their current research.They mention that they need to purchase a large quantity of dideoxynucleoside triphosphates and that they will be using sonic technology.You also hear them discussing the pros and cons of several computer programs that can align large amounts of overlapping data.What technique do you think your colleagues are preparing for?

Accepted Answer

A)  transposition
B)  Gel electrophoresis
C)  shotgun sequencing
D)  data miningE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

In humans,one set of chromosomes is made up of 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What is the most likely explanation of how 14 genes for globins,each specialized in their function (i.e. ,hemoglobin,myoglobin) ,arose in the genome of animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  misaligned crossover
B)  gene deletion
C)  gene mutation
D)  misaligned crossover and gene mutation
E)  misaligned crossover and gene deletionF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 20

Functionally important gene sequences such as those encoding ribosomal RNA are

Accepted Answer

A)  highly repetitive sequences.
B)  moderately repetitive sequences.
C)  transposable sequences.
D)  highly mutated sequences.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Exam 17: Genomes, Repetitive Sequences, and Bioinformatics

You are part of a research team trying to sequence the genome of bacterial species X,which has a genome size of 2.2 Mb.You plan to use shotgun DNA sequencing and want to sequence at least 99% of the genome.How many Mb of DNA should you sequence?

Correct Answer
verified
A

Which of the following is TRUE regarding plasmids?

Correct Answer
verified

Prokaryotic genomes often contain a circular chromosome with hundreds of thousands of genes and highly repetitive DNA.

Correct Answer
verified

The current genome databases are biased towards species that are important from a research,medical,or agricultural perspective.

Correct Answer
verified
True

What is needed if a researcher wants to analyze genes in different species for their homologies? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

What question is most likely to be answered if the goals of the Human Genome Project are met?

Correct Answer
verified

What must be provided to the BLAST program for identifying homologous sequences within the database?

Correct Answer
verified

If a gene's sequence is compared among several different vertebrates and they are found to be 95% homologous,one can assume that the genes are derived from the same ancestral gene.

Correct Answer
verified

If the nitrogenous bases of both a DNA transposon and a retroelement were tagged with fluorescent markers,what statement best describes the result after transposition of both types of TEs has occurred?

Correct Answer
verified

DNA can be found in all of the following cellular locations EXCEPT the

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following most adequately describes how the Alu element may have proliferated to constitute 10% of the human genome?

Correct Answer
verified
C

Which of the following statements about the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes is FALSE?

Correct Answer
verified

Researchers are interested in the genomes of prokaryotic species for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

Correct Answer
verified

Genome databases have been created for all of the following model organisms except?

Correct Answer
verified

Some transposable elements contain a central region that encodes transposase,an enzyme that facilitates the actual transposition.

Correct Answer
verified

Small chromosomal duplications provide raw material for the addition of genes into a species' genome.These duplications create two or more copies of the same gene,where one or both of the genes can subsequently mutate.These genes are referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In humans,one set of chromosomes is made up of 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome.

Correct Answer
verified

What is the most likely explanation of how 14 genes for globins,each specialized in their function (i.e. ,hemoglobin,myoglobin) ,arose in the genome of animals?

Correct Answer
verified

Functionally important gene sequences such as those encoding ribosomal RNA are

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 17: Genomes, Repetitive Sequences, and Bioinformatics

You are part of a research team trying to sequence the genome of bacterial species X,which has a genome size of 2.2 Mb.You plan to use shotgun DNA sequencing and want to sequence at least 99% of the genome.How many Mb of DNA should you sequence?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following is TRUE regarding plasmids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prokaryotic genomes often contain a circular chromosome with hundreds of thousands of genes and highly repetitive DNA.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The current genome databases are biased towards species that are important from a research,medical,or agricultural perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

What is needed if a researcher wants to analyze genes in different species for their homologies? Select all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What question is most likely to be answered if the goals of the Human Genome Project are met?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What must be provided to the BLAST program for identifying homologous sequences within the database?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a gene's sequence is compared among several different vertebrates and they are found to be 95% homologous,one can assume that the genes are derived from the same ancestral gene.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the nitrogenous bases of both a DNA transposon and a retroelement were tagged with fluorescent markers,what statement best describes the result after transposition of both types of TEs has occurred?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA can be found in all of the following cellular locations EXCEPT the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following most adequately describes how the Alu element may have proliferated to constitute 10% of the human genome?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which of the following statements about the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers are interested in the genomes of prokaryotic species for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genome databases have been created for all of the following model organisms except?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some transposable elements contain a central region that encodes transposase,an enzyme that facilitates the actual transposition.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Small chromosomal duplications provide raw material for the addition of genes into a species' genome.These duplications create two or more copies of the same gene,where one or both of the genes can subsequently mutate.These genes are referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In humans,one set of chromosomes is made up of 22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the most likely explanation of how 14 genes for globins,each specialized in their function (i.e. ,hemoglobin,myoglobin) ,arose in the genome of animals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Functionally important gene sequences such as those encoding ribosomal RNA are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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verified
A

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True

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C

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