Question 1

Atherosclerosis is a pathophysiological process resulting from the

Accepted Answer

A)  accumulation of plaque in blood vessels.
B)  reduced arterial resistance.
C)  elevated vasodilation in the limbs.
D)  chronic myocardial infarction.
E)  coronary artery bypass.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

"Vasodilation" refers to a decrease in arteriole diameter.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which changes would not be expected to cause vasodilation in an arteriole?

Accepted Answer

A)  decreases in carbon dioxide
B)  increases in lactic acid
C)  increases in potassium ion concentration
D)  decreases in pHE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

The development of hypertension in humans is associated with obesity,smoking,age,and kidney disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The lining the circulatory system is termed endothelium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

As a physician listens to the heart of a human patient,he hears an an atypical "lub" sound.Which part of the heart might be malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  the AV valve
B)  the semiliunar valves
C)  the right atrium
D)  the right ventricleE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

What is considered the most critical function of erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  the transport of oxygen
B)  the transport of carbon dioxide
C)  buffering against changes in blood pH
D)  assisting in clot formationE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Why are vasodilation and vasoconstriction the main mechanisms to change blood flow?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood vessel length is relatively fixed and has no effect on blood flow.
B)  Blood hematocrit has no effect on blood flow.
C)  Leakage of fluids from the capillaries has no effect on blood flow.
D)  Sympathetic activation has no effect on blood flow.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

As you are analyzing the blood sample of a human patient,you note an abnormally high number of erythrocytes.Predict the effects of this situation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Less oxygen would reach the tissues.
B)  More nutrients would reach cells.
C)  Immune function would improve.
D)  The ease of flow for the blood could decrease.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Contraction of the muscles surrounding an arteriole that decreased its diameter by 50% would

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the resistance in the arteriole approximately 16 fold.
B)  decrease the resistance in the arteriole approximately 16 fold.
C)  increase the resistance in the arteriole by approximately 50%.
D)  decrease the resistance in the arteriole approximately 50%.
E)  not be expected to change resistance in the arteriolE.F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 11

Imagine that you have been assigned the task of describing a new mammalian species.You note that this species has mutated so RBCs no longer go through final stage of maturation.Predict how this might affect the species.

Accepted Answer

A)  Red blood cells could replicate outside of bone marrow since they retain their nuclei.
B)  Red blood cells could improve their oxygen-carrying function.
C)  Red blood cells would be better able to fight infection in the body.
D)  Red blood cells could act as stem cells.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Which structure prevents blood flowing back into the atria during ventricular contractions?

Accepted Answer

A)  semilunar valves
B)  atrioventricular valves
C)  sinoatrial node
D)  carotid blood shunts
E)  foramen ovaleF) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 13

The walls of veins tend to be thicker and more elastic than those of comparably sized arteries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

In general,the vessels that return blood to the heart in a closed circulatory system are referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  arteries.
B)  veins.
C)  capillaries.
D)  sinuses.
E)  auxiliary hearts.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

What governs the movement of fluid out of capillaries at the arteriolar end?

Accepted Answer

A)  The pressure of the interstitial fluid is greater than that of the blood.
B)  The pressure of the blood is less than that of the interstitial fluid.
C)  The pressure of the blood is greater than the osmotic force of the interstitial fluid.
D)  The pressure of the interstitial fluid is greater than the pressure of the blooD.
E)  The pressure of the blood is greater than the pressure of the interstitial fluid.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 16

During their diastole,the heart chambers are contracting.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

A key influence of the location of the atrioventricular node on the heartbeat is to

Accepted Answer

A)  speed up the conduction of the electrical impulse to contract as it passes from the atria to the ventricles.
B)  slow down the conduction of the electrical impulse to contract as it passes from the atria to the ventricles.
C)  act as a barrier that prevents the conduction of the electrical impulse to contract as it passes from the atria to the ventricles.
D)  not alter the speed at which the electrical impulse to contract passes from the atria to the ventricles.
E)  block backflow of blood from the aorta into the right ventriclE.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Although any injury is worrisome,predict which situation would be most dangerous to an individual who lacks a clotting factor and therefore has blood that does not clot.

Accepted Answer

A)  a student who receives a papercut from his term paper
B)  a culinary arts student who cuts his finger with a sharp knife while cutting vegetables
C)  a toddler who falls and hits his knee on a hard floorD) All of the above
E) B) and C)

Question 19

A reduction in blood pressure due to hemorrhage would be expected to increase stimulation of baroreceptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The "hematocrit" is a measure of the total volume of which blood constituent?

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma
B)  leukocytes
C)  erythrocytes
D)  platelets
E)  None of the choices for this question are correct.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Exam 36: Circulatory Systems

The "hematocrit" is a measure of the total volume of which blood constituent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lining the circulatory system is termed endothelium.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are vasodilation and vasoconstriction the main mechanisms to change blood flow?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What governs the movement of fluid out of capillaries at the arteriolar end?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although any injury is worrisome,predict which situation would be most dangerous to an individual who lacks a clotting factor and therefore has blood that does not clot.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A key influence of the location of the atrioventricular node on the heartbeat is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Atherosclerosis is a pathophysiological process resulting from the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Vasodilation" refers to a decrease in arteriole diameter.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During their diastole,the heart chambers are contracting.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As you are analyzing the blood sample of a human patient,you note an abnormally high number of erythrocytes.Predict the effects of this situation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Contraction of the muscles surrounding an arteriole that decreased its diameter by 50% would

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In general,the vessels that return blood to the heart in a closed circulatory system are referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The development of hypertension in humans is associated with obesity,smoking,age,and kidney disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which structure prevents blood flowing back into the atria during ventricular contractions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which changes would not be expected to cause vasodilation in an arteriole?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A reduction in blood pressure due to hemorrhage would be expected to increase stimulation of baroreceptors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine that you have been assigned the task of describing a new mammalian species.You note that this species has mutated so RBCs no longer go through final stage of maturation.Predict how this might affect the species.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is considered the most critical function of erythrocytes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a physician listens to the heart of a human patient,he hears an an atypical "lub" sound.Which part of the heart might be malfunctioning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The walls of veins tend to be thicker and more elastic than those of comparably sized arteries.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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