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A recent meta-analysis of 124 studies by Jane Kroger and her colleagues found that a large portion of individuals were _____ by the time they reached their twenties.


A) not identity diffused
B) not identity achieved
C) identity confused
D) identity achieved

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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A national survey revealed that _____ percent of 18- to 24-year-olds had created a profile on a social networking site and _____ percent of them visited a social networking site several times a day.


A) 81; 31
B) 60; 50
C) 71; 10
D) 55; 50

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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The new model of parent-adolescent relationships emphasizes that:


A) parents should take an authoritarian approach to controlling the lives of adolescents.
B) parent-adolescent conflict is intense and stressful throughout adolescence.
C) in most families parent-adolescent conflict is moderate rather than severe.
D) even minor parent-adolescent conflicts are not normal and should be avoided as far as possible.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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A recent study of 8- to 12-year-old girls found that a higher level of media multitasking was linked to:


A) early identity achievement.
B) secure attachment to parents.
C) feeling more normal.
D) negative social well-being.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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For Erikson, delinquency is an attempt to establish _____, even if it is a negative one.


A) generativity
B) autonomy
C) identity
D) transitivity

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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The status of identity _____ occurs most often when parents hand down commitments to their adolescents, usually in an authoritarian way, before adolescents have had a chance to explore different approaches, ideologies, and vocations on their own.


A) achievement
B) moratorium
C) foreclosure
D) diffusion

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is the third-leading cause of death in 10- to 19-year-olds today in the United States?


A) Homicide
B) Suicide
C) Motor vehicle accidents
D) Infectious diseases

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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A personal investment in identity.

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An individual's body image encompasses his/her _____.


A) sexual identity
B) personality
C) relationship identity
D) physical identity

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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The 2009 Kaiser Family Foundation survey, which included more than 2,000 8- to 18-year-olds, documented that adolescent media use has _____ in the last decade.


A) decreased significantly
B) declined slightly
C) increased dramatically
D) stayed the same

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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What is the difference between cliques and crowds?


A) Cliques are more personal than crowds.
B) Cliques contain more members than crowds.
C) The formation of crowds is based on friendship while cliques are based on reputation.
D) The members of crowds spend a lot of time together while the members of cliques do not.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements about juvenile delinquency is true?


A) Adolescents with high academic performance are at risk of engaging in delinquency.
B) Adolescent who come from low-SES families are more likely to engage in delinquency now than they were in the past.
C) Males are more likely to engage in delinquency than females are.
D) Females are more likely to engage in delinquency than males are.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements about the trends in juvenile delinquency in the U.S. is NOT true?


A) About half of the delinquency caseloads in 2005 involve females.
B) Delinquency rates among minority groups are higher than average.
C) Delinquency rates among lower-socioeconomic-status youth are especially high.
D) Minorities may be judged delinquent more readily than their White, middle-socioeconomic-status counterparts due to stringent civil laws.

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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According to two recent studies about the role of parents in guiding adolescents' use of the Internet and other media, both maternal and paternal _____ parenting predicted proactive monitoring of adolescent media use, including restriction of certain media from adolescent use and parent-adolescent discussion of exposure to questionable media content.


A) neglectful
B) indulgent
C) authoritative
D) authoritarian

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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A study of tenth-graders revealed that:


A) the number of romantic experiences reported had no link with levels of social acceptance experienced by adolescents.
B) having more romantic experience was linked to a higher level of substance use and delinquency.
C) co-rumination and romantic involvement predicted a decrease in depressive symptoms.
D) having no experience of romantic relationships is a consistent predictor of depression and deviant behavior.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Rates of ever experiencing major depressive disorder range from _____ percent for adolescents.


A) 5 to 10
B) 10 to 15
C) 15 to 20
D) 25 to 30

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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The double disadvantage suffered by ethnic minority adolescents consists of:


A) the lack of clear rites of passage and identity confusion.
B) diversity and difference.
C) prejudice and poverty.
D) bias and assimilation.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements does the new model of parent-adolescent relationships emphasize?


A) Parents serve as important attachment figures and support systems during adolescence.
B) Parent-adolescent conflict is intense and stressful throughout adolescence.
C) The everyday conflicts that characterize parent-adolescent relationships have a detrimental effect on adolescent development.
D) As adolescents mature, they move into a world of autonomy apart from parents.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Most rites of passage focus on:


A) severing ties with the adolescent's native culture.
B) the initiation into the nuclear family.
C) the reaffirmation of the adolescent's connection with immediate family.
D) the transition to adult status.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Immigration involves _____, which has increasingly occurred in the United States as children and adolescents serve as mediators for their immigrant parents.


A) cultural brokering
B) cultural isolation
C) ethnic cleansing
D) cultural bias

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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