Question 1

The genetic code operates on all the following principles except

Accepted Answer

A)  all four of the nucleotide bases must be used.
B)  each combination of any three nucleotides can act as a codon.
C)  the first nucleotide in every codon is always the same.
D)  a particular codon always specifies the same amino aciD.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Why are there only 45 different tRNA anticodons rather than 64 to match each of the mRNA codons?

Accepted Answer

A)  The first nucleotide of a tRNA anticodon allows some flexibility or "wobble."
B)  The second nucleotide of a tRNA anticodon allows some flexibility or "wobble."
C)  The third nucleotide of a tRNA anticodon allows some flexibility or "wobble."
D)  The remaining 19 tRNA anticodons are used for initiation and termination of protein synthesis.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

The transfer of information from DNA to mRNA is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription.
B)  translation.
C)  transformation.
D)  transference.
E)  translocation.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 4

The different components of the protein synthesizing machinery include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA.
B)  tRNA.
C)  ribosomes.
D)  amino acids.
E)  RNA polymerasE.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

In eukaryotes,mRNA processing involves all of the following events except

Accepted Answer

A)  elongation of the transcript.
B)  addition of a 5' cap.
C)  addition of a poly A to the 3' end.
D)  pre-mRNA splicing.
E)  association with the spliceosomE.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

Crick and his colleagues proposed that the genetic code consisted of a series of blocks of information,called _____,each corresponding to an amino acid in the encoded protein.

Accepted Answer

A)  alleles
B)  codons
C)  DNA
D)  polypeptidesE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

What is the likely consequence of a mutation in a point mutation affecting a branch point?

Accepted Answer

A)  no effect,since branch points are located in introns
B)  a splicing error
C)  failure of snRNAs to recognize 5' end of intron
D)  no exon shufflingE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

The many different functions and behaviors of living organisms are essentially based on the performance of their cells.The cells' performance in turn is dependent upon the

Accepted Answer

A)  production of many varieties of polypeptides and proteins.
B)  production of correct membranes.
C)  proper conformation for water in the cells.
D)  production of steroids and hormones.
E)  ability to reproducE.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

How would a large chromosomal inversion affect the transcription of internal genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  The inversion may have no effect on transcription.
B)  The genes would not be expressed because they would now be oriented in the wrong direction.
C)  The genes would be now expressed in the 3' to 5' direction.
D)  It would lead to a tandem duplication.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Given the sentence "THE FAT CAT ATE THE RED RAT," which of the following would represent a frameshift mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)  THE FAT CAT ATE THE RED RAT
B)  THE CAT ATE THE RED RAT
C)  THE FAC ATA TET HER EDR AT
D)  THE FAT RAT ATE THE RED RATE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

You are conducting a genetic screen to isolate nutritional mutants in yeast.Specifically,you want to isolate a histidine leucine double mutant.You start with a wild type yeast strain and mutagenize it with a UV light.Which of the following outlines the remaining steps for isolating such a mutant?

Accepted Answer

A)  Grow mutagenized yeast on rich mediA.Grow yeast on minimal media,as well as on minimal media containing histidine,minimal media containing leucine,and minimal media containing both histidine and leucine.Select for yeast that do not grow on minimal media,do not grow on media supplemented with only histidine or leucine,but do grow on minimal media supplemented with both histidine and leucine.
B)  Grow mutagenized yeast on minimal media.Grow yeast on rich media,as well as on minimal media containing histidine,minimal media containing leucine,and minimal media containing both histidine and leucine.Select for yeast that do not grow on rich media,do not grow on media supplemented with only histidine or leucine,but do grow on minimal media supplemented with both histidine and leucine.
C)  Grow mutagenized yeast on rich media.Grow yeast on minimal media,as well as on minimal media containing histidine,minimal media containing leucine,and minimal media containing both histidine and leucine.Select for yeast that grow on minimal media,grow on media supplemented with only histidine or leucine,but do not grow on minimal media supplemented with both histidine and leucine.
D)  Grow mutagenized yeast on minimal media.Grow yeast on rich media,as well as on minimal media containing histidine,minimal media containing leucine,and minimal media containing both histidine and leucine.Select for yeast that grow on rich media,grow on media supplemented with only histidine or leucine,but do not grow on minimal media supplemented with both histidine and leucine.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 12

The bond that forms between the newly added amino acid and the previous amino acid on the chain is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen bond.
B)  hydrophobic bond.
C)  hydrophilic bond.
D)  phosphodiester bonD.
E)  peptide bond.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

Because nucleic acid sequence information is changed into amino acid sequence information,polypeptide synthesis is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  breaking the code.
B)  decoding.
C)  transcription.
D)  translocation.
E)  translation.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 14

In eukaryotic cells,mRNA is made as a copy of the DNA coding information in the

Accepted Answer

A)  cytoplasm.
B)  mitochondria.
C)  ER.
D)  nucleus.
E)  plasma membranE.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

The 3-nucleotide sequence of an mRNA is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  codon.
B)  anticodon.
C)  amino acid.
D)  transcript.
E)  templatE.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 16

Protein synthesis proceeds by the ribosome

Accepted Answer

A)  alternating between many chains.
B)  moving three nucleotides at a time on the mRNA.
C)  attaching amino acids in a random fashion.
D)  selecting the tRNA molecule that fits.
E)  attaching amino acids to the growing chain without charged tRNAs.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Exam 15: Genes and How They Work

Protein synthesis proceeds by the ribosome

Correct Answer
verified

What is the likely consequence of a mutation in a point mutation affecting a branch point?

Correct Answer
verified

How would a large chromosomal inversion affect the transcription of internal genes?

Correct Answer
verified

Given the sentence "THE FAT CAT ATE THE RED RAT," which of the following would represent a frameshift mutation?

Correct Answer
verified

In eukaryotic cells,mRNA is made as a copy of the DNA coding information in the

Correct Answer
verified

The different components of the protein synthesizing machinery include all of the following except

Correct Answer
verified

Because nucleic acid sequence information is changed into amino acid sequence information,polypeptide synthesis is known as

Correct Answer
verified

The transfer of information from DNA to mRNA is referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

The many different functions and behaviors of living organisms are essentially based on the performance of their cells.The cells' performance in turn is dependent upon the

Correct Answer
verified

You are conducting a genetic screen to isolate nutritional mutants in yeast.Specifically,you want to isolate a histidine leucine double mutant.You start with a wild type yeast strain and mutagenize it with a UV light.Which of the following outlines the remaining steps for isolating such a mutant?

Correct Answer
verified

In eukaryotes,mRNA processing involves all of the following events except

Correct Answer
verified

The 3-nucleotide sequence of an mRNA is called the

Correct Answer
verified

The genetic code operates on all the following principles except

Correct Answer
verified

The bond that forms between the newly added amino acid and the previous amino acid on the chain is called a

Correct Answer
verified

Crick and his colleagues proposed that the genetic code consisted of a series of blocks of information,called _____,each corresponding to an amino acid in the encoded protein.

Correct Answer
verified

Why are there only 45 different tRNA anticodons rather than 64 to match each of the mRNA codons?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 15: Genes and How They Work

Protein synthesis proceeds by the ribosome

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the likely consequence of a mutation in a point mutation affecting a branch point?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How would a large chromosomal inversion affect the transcription of internal genes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Given the sentence "THE FAT CAT ATE THE RED RAT," which of the following would represent a frameshift mutation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In eukaryotic cells,mRNA is made as a copy of the DNA coding information in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The different components of the protein synthesizing machinery include all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because nucleic acid sequence information is changed into amino acid sequence information,polypeptide synthesis is known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The transfer of information from DNA to mRNA is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The many different functions and behaviors of living organisms are essentially based on the performance of their cells.The cells' performance in turn is dependent upon the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are conducting a genetic screen to isolate nutritional mutants in yeast.Specifically,you want to isolate a histidine leucine double mutant.You start with a wild type yeast strain and mutagenize it with a UV light.Which of the following outlines the remaining steps for isolating such a mutant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In eukaryotes,mRNA processing involves all of the following events except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The 3-nucleotide sequence of an mRNA is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The genetic code operates on all the following principles except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bond that forms between the newly added amino acid and the previous amino acid on the chain is called a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Crick and his colleagues proposed that the genetic code consisted of a series of blocks of information,called _____,each corresponding to an amino acid in the encoded protein.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why are there only 45 different tRNA anticodons rather than 64 to match each of the mRNA codons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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