Question 1

Antimicrobials effective against a wide variety of microbial types are termed ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   antibiotics
B)   narrow-spectrum drugs
C)   semisynthetic drugs
D)   synthetic drugs
E)   broad-spectrum drugsF) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 2

Newer,more expensive antimicrobials are always better to use than cheaper,older drugs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

All of the following pertain to cephalosporins,except

Accepted Answer

A)   they have a beta-lactam ring.
B)   they have greater resistance to beta-lactamases.
C)   newer generations have activity against gram-negative bacteria.
D)   many are administered by injection, not orally.
E)   they are are synthetic drugs.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

What drug is used in cases of penicillin and methicillin resistance and also used to treat endocarditis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Penicillin G
B)   Vancomycin
C)   Tetracycline
D)   Erythromycin
E)   IsoniazidF) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following is not a therapeutic benefit of interferon?

Accepted Answer

A)   Reduces healing time
B)   Increases white blood cell count
C)   Prevents or reduces some cold symptoms
D)   Slows progress of some cancers
E)   Treats hepatitis CF) A) and D)
G) D) and E) B

Question 6

A superinfection results from

Accepted Answer

A)   build up of a drug to toxic levels in the patient.
B)   the wrong drug administered to the patient.
C)   an immune system reaction to the drug.
D)   a decrease in most normal biota resulting in the overgrowth of an unaffected species.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

When a patient's immune system reacts adversely to a drug,this serious side effect is called a superinfection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Each of the following target bacterial ribosomes,except ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   streptomycin
B)   gentamycin
C)   polymyxins
D)   tetracycline
E)   erythromycinF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 9

Ketoconazole,fluconazole,clotrimazole,and miconazole are broad-spectrum azoles used to treat _____ infections.

Accepted Answer

A)   bacterial
B)   fungal
C)   protozoan
D)   helminthic
E)   viralF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 10

Each of the following results in drug resistance,except

Accepted Answer

A)   a drug being pumped out of the cell.
B)   a drug being used as a nutrient by the cell.
C)   a drug binding site being altered.
D)   a drug being inactivated.
E)   a drug being blocked from entering the cell.F) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 11

There are fewer antifungal,antiprotozoan,and antihelminthic drugs compared to antibacterial drugs because fungi,protozoa,and helminths

Accepted Answer

A)   do not cause many human infections.
B)   are not affected by antimicrobials.
C)   are so similar to human cells that drug selective toxicity is difficult to achieve.
D)   are parasites found inside human cells.
E)   have fewer target sites in their cells compared to bacteria.F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 12

The _____ are drugs that deposit in developing teeth and cause a permanent brown discoloration.

Accepted Answer

A)   streptomycins
B)   cephalosporins
C)   macrolides
D)   tetracyclines
E)   penicillinsF) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 13

Three classmates from microbiology class are talking about drug resistance.They each disagree about the definition of the term so they state his or her definition and give a justification.Compare the various definitions and justifications below and pick the one that is most accurate.

Accepted Answer

A)   The bacterium becomes immune to the drug; the drug no longer kills or inhibits the bacterium.
B)   The person becomes resistant to the drug; the body adjusts to the dosage of the chemical and no longer responds to its action.
C)   The drug is changed in the body and is inactivated physically and chemically so it no longer works properly against the bacterium.
D)   The bacterium has changed physically or chemically in some way to be able to destroy the drug or avoid its action, allowing it to grow unimpeded by the drug.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 14

Nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial microbes in the intestines are known as ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   prebiotics
B)   probiotics
C)   lantibiotics
D)   phytobiotics
E)   riboswitchesF) A) and E)
G) All of the above A

Question 15

A high therapeutic index is advantageous.This refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the ratio between high selective toxicity and low human toxicity.
B)   the ratio between low selective toxicity and high human toxicity.
C)   high efficacy of the drug against the target microbe.
D)   selective toxicity and human toxicity are both high.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Ampicillin,amoxicillin,mezlocillin,and penicillin G all have ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   a beta-lactam ring.
B)   an expanded spectrum of activity.
C)   resistance to the action of penicillinase.
D)   a semisynthetic nature.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

The multidrug resistant pumps in many bacterial cell membranes function by

Accepted Answer

A)   bacterial chromosomal mutations.
B)   synthesis of enzymes that alter drug structure.
C)   removing the drug from the cell when it enters.D) A) and C)
E) None of the above C

Question 18

Penicillins and cephalosporins

Accepted Answer

A)   destroy peptidoglycan.
B)   are metabolic analogs of PABA and block folic acid synthesis.
C)   attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis.
D)   damage cell membranes.
E)   block peptidases that cross-link glycan molecules.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 19

Which drug is used to treat cases of tuberculosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Penicillin G
B)   Vancomycin
C)   Tetracycline
D)   Synercid
E)   IsoniazidF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Which of the following is not an aminoglycoside?

Accepted Answer

A)   Streptomycin
B)   Gentamicin
C)   Tetracycline
D)   Amikacin
E)   TobramycinF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Exam 12: Antimicrobial Treatment

Antimicrobials effective against a wide variety of microbial types are termed ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Newer,more expensive antimicrobials are always better to use than cheaper,older drugs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following pertain to cephalosporins,except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What drug is used in cases of penicillin and methicillin resistance and also used to treat endocarditis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a therapeutic benefit of interferon?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

A superinfection results from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a patient's immune system reacts adversely to a drug,this serious side effect is called a superinfection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following target bacterial ribosomes,except ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ketoconazole,fluconazole,clotrimazole,and miconazole are broad-spectrum azoles used to treat _____ infections.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Each of the following results in drug resistance,except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are fewer antifungal,antiprotozoan,and antihelminthic drugs compared to antibacterial drugs because fungi,protozoa,and helminths

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ are drugs that deposit in developing teeth and cause a permanent brown discoloration.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Three classmates from microbiology class are talking about drug resistance.They each disagree about the definition of the term so they state his or her definition and give a justification.Compare the various definitions and justifications below and pick the one that is most accurate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial microbes in the intestines are known as ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

A high therapeutic index is advantageous.This refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ampicillin,amoxicillin,mezlocillin,and penicillin G all have ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The multidrug resistant pumps in many bacterial cell membranes function by

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Penicillins and cephalosporins

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which drug is used to treat cases of tuberculosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not an aminoglycoside?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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A

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C

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