Question 1

The tubercles formed in primary tuberculosis are caused by an influx of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   neutrophils
B)   basophils
C)   mononuclear cells
D)   polymorphonuclear leukocytes
E)   antibodiesF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

An induration of less than 5mm in the Mantoux test is negative for TB.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A diagnosis of tuberculosis involves a/an ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   chest X ray
B)   acid-fast stain of sputum
C)   sputum culture
D)   tuberculin skin test
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

Influenza vaccines include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   inactivated, intramuscular vaccine.
B)   usually incorporates three or four different strains.
C)   attenuated, nasal drops vaccine.
D)   provides lifelong immunity.
E)   has an overall effectiveness of 70% - 90%.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

Legionellosis is a zoonosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following is caused by Haemophilus influenzae in the respiratory tract?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bacterial meningitis
B)   Influenza (flu) 
C)   Otitis media
D)   Bronchitis
E)   EpiglottitisF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 7

Virulence factors of S.pyogenes include

Accepted Answer

A)   polysaccharides on the cell wall.
B)   lipoteichoic acid.
C)   spiky M proteins.
D)   hyaluronic acid capsule.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

Treatment for diphtheria requires only penicillin or erythromycin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Pertussis has all of the following characteristics except

Accepted Answer

A)   the pathogen has virulence factors to destroy the action of respiratory cilia.
B)   the catarrhal stage has persistent, hacking coughs with "whoops."
C)   the early stage resembles a cold with nasal discharge and sneezing.
D)   DTaP immunization will prevent it.
E)   transmission is by respiratory droplets.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following respiratory tract defenses is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)   Complement - second line of defense
B)   Ciliary escalator - first line of defense
C)   Mucous membranes - third line of defense
D)   Nasal hairs - first line of defense
E)   IgA antibody - third line of defenseF) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 11

Pertussis outbreaks still occur in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Streptococcus pneumoniae is

Accepted Answer

A)   alpha-hemolytic on blood agar.
B)   found in up to 50% of people as normal biota.
C)   a gram-positive diplococcus with a capsule.
D)   a pathogen with endotoxin.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 13

Influenza is predominantly transmitted by the fecal-oral route.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Your patient has pneumonia.Since there are so many microorganisms causing pneumonia,what might be the best test to do first for identification of the agent?

Accepted Answer

A)   An antibody test
B)   A culture from a lung aspirate
C)   A skin test
D)   A Gram stain of a saliva specimenE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

Annual influenza vaccinations are important for all individuals because

Accepted Answer

A)   the virus is stable so once the vaccine is administered, protection from antibodies is lifelong.
B)   the vaccine prevents secondary infections in individuals with influenza.
C)   the oral-fecal transmission route makes it easy to pass to others.
D)   the highly contagious nature of the virus means that transmission from a robust individual to those with a weaker immune system, such as the young or the elderly, is facilitated in crowded winter conditions.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

All of the following pertain to tuberculosis except

Accepted Answer

A)   live bacilli can remain dormant in the lungs and reactivate later in life.
B)   symptoms of active TB include low-grade fever, coughing, fatigue, weight loss, and night sweats.
C)   lung infection can disseminate to many other organs in extrapulmonary TB.
D)   the BCG vaccine is used in other countries.
E)   antimicrobials cannot treat and cure tuberculosis.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Symptoms of influenza include

Accepted Answer

A)   nasal discharge, mild fever, and absence of cough.
B)   fever, diarrhea, and vomiting.
C)   fever, myalgia, sore throat, cough, and nasal discharge.
D)   fever, sore throat, rash, and cough.
E)   fever and pneumonia.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 18

People who have received the BCG immunization will generally have a negative tuberculin skin test.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Pneumocystis (carinii) jiroveci

Accepted Answer

A)   lacks ergosterol in its plasma membrane.
B)   is a bacterium.
C)   is an obligate parasite.
D)   causes serious infection in the elderly, premature infants, and AIDS patients.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Which opportunist is the most frequent cause of life-threatening pneumonia in AIDS patients?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cryptococcus neoformans
B)   Candida albicans
C)   Malassezia furfur
D)   Pneumocystis (carinii)  jiroveciE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 21: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Legionellosis is a zoonosis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pneumocystis (carinii) jiroveci

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Treatment for diphtheria requires only penicillin or erythromycin.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An induration of less than 5mm in the Mantoux test is negative for TB.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A diagnosis of tuberculosis involves a/an ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Virulence factors of S.pyogenes include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Your patient has pneumonia.Since there are so many microorganisms causing pneumonia,what might be the best test to do first for identification of the agent?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Influenza vaccines include all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Symptoms of influenza include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following respiratory tract defenses is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following pertain to tuberculosis except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People who have received the BCG immunization will generally have a negative tuberculin skin test.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is caused by Haemophilus influenzae in the respiratory tract?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pertussis outbreaks still occur in the United States.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Influenza is predominantly transmitted by the fecal-oral route.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which opportunist is the most frequent cause of life-threatening pneumonia in AIDS patients?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pertussis has all of the following characteristics except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Annual influenza vaccinations are important for all individuals because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tubercles formed in primary tuberculosis are caused by an influx of ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified