Question 1

Altruism is to _______ as egoism is to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  Gouldner;Batson
B)  reciprocity;social justice
C)  the evolutionary theory;the social norms theory
D)  another's welfare;one's own welfareE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

The notion that humans interact in such a way as to minimize costs and maximize rewards to the self is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  the social-exchange theory.
B)  egoism.
C)  the reciprocity norm.
D)  self-theory.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 3

Jack helps Jill go up a hill to fetch a pail of water.According to the reciprocity norm,what behaviors should we expect from Jill?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jill will later help Jack fix his car.
B)  Jill will help Jack only if she is feeling depressed.
C)  Jill will help Jack only if she is feeling guilty about snubbing Miss Mary Mack.
D)  Jill will help Jack only if he is biologically related to her.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

The social responsibility norm refers to the expectation that

Accepted Answer

A)  people will help when necessary in order to receive help themselves later.
B)  leaders will help more than regular group members.
C)  people will help those dependent upon them.
D)  to receive help,people must ask for it.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Summarize Darley and Batson's classic 1973 study on the parable of the Good Samaritan.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Summarize Darley and Batson's classic 1973 study...

Question 6

According to the evolutionary theory,genetic selfishness predisposes us to helping based on

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocity.
B)  social responsibility.
C)  social justice.
D)  egoism.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Explain how the evolutionary theory would justify NOT helping.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how the evolutionary theory would justify...

Question 8

In McMillen and Austin's research (1971) ,participants who had lied were more likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  lie again.
B)  volunteer a large amount of time.
C)  volunteer a small amount of time.
D)  avoid the researchers.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

People often feel more altruistic when they have helped without receiving payment or implied social pressure than when offered a reward for doing so.This is best explained by

Accepted Answer

A)  moral exclusion.
B)  the overjustification effect.
C)  the bystander effect.
D)  diffusion of responsibility.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

There are many ways to increase helping behaviors in people.Which is NOT one of the ways identified in the chapter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Door-in-the-face request after someone turns down making a large donation to a charity.
B)  Introduce yourself by name and other characteristics.
C)  Set up your request so they know you will see them again.
D)  Guilt-laden people don't tend to help others.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Batson believes that true altruism does exist in feelings of sympathy and compassion for others.Which is NOT an example of genuine altruism?

Accepted Answer

A)  In general,women report more empathy than men and are less likely to support war.
B)  It is easier to feel empathy for a needy individual than "mother earth."
C)  Empathy-induced altruism can pose a threat to the common good when we narrow our focus of concern to close friends vs.others we don't know.
D)  Helping others by giving to a charity that supports an issue we think is really important.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Which is NOT one of the reasons that affect us as to when we will help others?

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of bystanders
B)  avoiding eye contact
C)  interpreting the situation
D)  assuming responsibilityE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Compare and contrast Batson and Cialdini's research on genuine altruism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast Batson and Cialdini's research...

Question 14

Same-race bias appears

Accepted Answer

A)  in all situations.
B)  in few situations.
C)  when people can attribute failure to help to nonrace factors.
D)  when people can attribute helping to prosocial factors.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Which of the following is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  women seek more help than men
B)  men offer help more to women than men
C)  women offer help more to men than women
D)  women welcome help more readily than menE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

In which of the following countries is the norm of social responsibility supported most strongly?

Accepted Answer

A)  India
B)  England
C)  United States
D)  CanadaE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Which of the following factors is likely to increase helping behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence of others who offer help
B)  the presence of others who do nothing
C)  time pressure
D)  being non-religiousE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

People are most likely to offer assistance when

Accepted Answer

A)  they live in a large city.
B)  there are many witnesses to an event.
C)  they have just seen another person offering helping someone else.
D)  they are running late.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 19

In the experimental studies of bystander non-intervention,researchers have

Accepted Answer

A)  always first obtained the participant's informed consent.
B)  been careful to debrief their laboratory participants.
C)  subsequently found that most research participants believe the laboratory experiments have little,if any,value or application to everyday life.
D)  been unable to replicate real-life situations.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

The fact that a person is less likely to help in an emergency when other people are present is called

Accepted Answer

A)  the bystander effect.
B)  pluralistic ignorance.
C)  the self-interest effect.
D)  the suppression of responsibility effect.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Exam 12: Helping

There are many ways to increase helping behaviors in people.Which is NOT one of the ways identified in the chapter?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People often feel more altruistic when they have helped without receiving payment or implied social pressure than when offered a reward for doing so.This is best explained by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is NOT one of the reasons that affect us as to when we will help others?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The notion that humans interact in such a way as to minimize costs and maximize rewards to the self is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Summarize Darley and Batson's classic 1973 study on the parable of the Good Samaritan.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jack helps Jill go up a hill to fetch a pail of water.According to the reciprocity norm,what behaviors should we expect from Jill?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the evolutionary theory,genetic selfishness predisposes us to helping based on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Same-race bias appears

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Altruism is to _______ as egoism is to _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The social responsibility norm refers to the expectation that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following factors is likely to increase helping behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain how the evolutionary theory would justify NOT helping.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compare and contrast Batson and Cialdini's research on genuine altruism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In McMillen and Austin's research (1971) ,participants who had lied were more likely to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that a person is less likely to help in an emergency when other people are present is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People are most likely to offer assistance when

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Which of the following is FALSE?

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In which of the following countries is the norm of social responsibility supported most strongly?

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Batson believes that true altruism does exist in feelings of sympathy and compassion for others.Which is NOT an example of genuine altruism?

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In the experimental studies of bystander non-intervention,researchers have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Altruism is to _ as egoism is to _.

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