Question 1

An individual who displays the disease sickle-cell anemia must have inherited the deleterious allele from both phenotypically normal parents.This individual is therefore:

Accepted Answer

A)  homozygous, with two dominant alleles.
B)  homozygous, with two recessive alleles.
C)  heterozygous, with one dominant and one recessive allele.
D)  haplozygous.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

In a classroom taste test for PTC the genotype frequency was determined to be P = 0.35 and Q = 0.65.After applying the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the percentage of genotypes was found to be as follows:

Accepted Answer

A)  p2 = 0.12; 2pq = 0.46; q2 = 0.42.
B)  p2 = 0.35; 2pq = 0.00; q2 = 0.65.
C)  p2 = 0.12; 2pq = 0.65; q2 = 0.23.
D)  p2 = 0.20; 2pq = 0.20; q2 = 0.60.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 3

A genetic study conducted over multiple generations found that the frequency of genotypes in the first generation were AA: 0.36, Aa: 0.48, aa: 0.16.In the second generation, genotype frequencies shifted to AA: 0.16, Aa: 0.48, aa: 0.36.According to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can assume:

Accepted Answer

A)  random mating has altered gene frequencies.
B)  gene flow has possibly shifted the gene frequencies.
C)  mating in this population must be nonrandom mating.
D)  both b.and c.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

A genetic study conducted over two generations found that the frequencies of genotypes in the first generation were AA: 0.36, Aa: 0.48, aa: 0.16.In the second generation, genotype frequencies remained the same.According to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can assume:

Accepted Answer

A)  negative assortative mating has maintained gene frequencies.
B)  mutations have likely occurred, resulting in the same frequency.
C)  mating in this population is random.
D)  the population is small and we cannot detect change.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

The absence of the A and B alleles in Native American populations is a result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection.
B)  gene flow.
C)  the founder effect.
D)  mutation.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Studies of Galapagos finches have found that at certain points in time all finches on the island have either wide beaks or sharp narrow beaks.The type of evolution that leads to this phenotype distribution is _______ selection.

Accepted Answer

A)  directional
B)  natural
C)  disruptive
D)  stabilizingE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

The best-documented case of industrial melanism involves:

Accepted Answer

A)  Galápagos finches.
B)  dung beetles.
C)  monarch butterflies.
D)  peppered moths.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

The evolution of the modern horse with a single hoof on each limb from a dog-sized ancestral species with multiple digits is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  macroevolution.
B)  stabilizing selection.
C)  disruptive selection.
D)  microevolution.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

A random change in allele frequencies over time is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic drift.
B)  gene flow.
C)  admixture.
D)  gene migration.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

The southern migration of which African people may have led to a significant increase in the incidence of malaria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Masai
B)  Turkana
C)  Efe
D)  BantuE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Why is the incidence of sickle-cell anemia an excellent example of a "balanced polymorphism," in which two or more alleles are maintained by natural selection in a population?

Accepted Answer

Homozygous normal individuals have healt...

Question 12

Familial hypercholesterolemia, an autosomal dominant disease, is five times more frequent in the Afrikaner population of South Africa than in the original population of Europe from which the ancestors to the Afrikaners immigrated.This represents an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection.
B)  bottleneck.
C)  the founder effect.
D)  kin selection.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Explain how the founder effect can lead to a descendent population that differs greatly from its parent population over a relatively short period of time.

Accepted Answer

The founder effect is a special kind of ...

Question 14

Which of the evolutionary forces is most likely to decrease variation between populations?

Accepted Answer

A)  gene flow
B)  the founder effect
C)  mutation
D)  natural selectionE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Why is the peppered moth an excellent example of directional selection?

Accepted Answer

The peppered moth exists in two forms, o...

Question 16

Patrilocal societies are expected to display:

Accepted Answer

A)  greater mtDNA diversity than Y chromosome diversity.
B)  roughly equivalent mtDNA and Y chromosome diversity.
C)  greater Y chromosome diversity than mtDNA diversity.
D)  no strong correlation between societal structure and genetic diversity.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Why is a frameshift mutation far more likely to lead to a defective protein than a point mutation?

Accepted Answer

The potential effects of a point mutatio...

Question 18

Evolution can best be defined as:

Accepted Answer

A)  the appearance of a new species.
B)  a change in allele frequencies in a breeding population over time.
C)  changes in the DNA of an individual over his or her lifetime.
D)  a process that occurs only over extremely long periods of time.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

In certain species of nonhuman primates there are groups where only one dominant female has access to mates.The other females must wait until the opportunity to mate presents itself.This will have direct impacts on "fitness," influencing which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  reproductive success
B)  aggressiveness
C)  strength
D)  age at deathE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 20

What is a polymorphic trait? Provide two examples of polymorphic traits in modern humans, and give one example of a monomorphic trait.

Accepted Answer

A polymorphic trait is one in which at l...

Exam 4: Genes and Their Evolution: Population Genetics

The absence of the A and B alleles in Native American populations is a result of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a polymorphic trait? Provide two examples of polymorphic traits in modern humans, and give one example of a monomorphic trait.

Correct AnswerverifiedA polymorphic trait is one in which at l...View AnswerShow Answer

In certain species of nonhuman primates there are groups where only one dominant female has access to mates.The other females must wait until the opportunity to mate presents itself.This will have direct impacts on "fitness," influencing which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An individual who displays the disease sickle-cell anemia must have inherited the deleterious allele from both phenotypically normal parents.This individual is therefore:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A genetic study conducted over multiple generations found that the frequency of genotypes in the first generation were AA: 0.36, Aa: 0.48, aa: 0.16.In the second generation, genotype frequencies shifted to AA: 0.16, Aa: 0.48, aa: 0.36.According to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can assume:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is a frameshift mutation far more likely to lead to a defective protein than a point mutation?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe potential effects of a point mutatio...View AnswerShow Answer

Studies of Galapagos finches have found that at certain points in time all finches on the island have either wide beaks or sharp narrow beaks.The type of evolution that leads to this phenotype distribution is _______ selection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain how the founder effect can lead to a descendent population that differs greatly from its parent population over a relatively short period of time.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe founder effect is a special kind of ...View AnswerShow Answer

Why is the incidence of sickle-cell anemia an excellent example of a "balanced polymorphism," in which two or more alleles are maintained by natural selection in a population?

Correct AnswerverifiedHomozygous normal individuals have healt...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the evolutionary forces is most likely to decrease variation between populations?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A random change in allele frequencies over time is known as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is the peppered moth an excellent example of directional selection?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe peppered moth exists in two forms, o...View AnswerShow Answer

The evolution of the modern horse with a single hoof on each limb from a dog-sized ancestral species with multiple digits is an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Patrilocal societies are expected to display:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Familial hypercholesterolemia, an autosomal dominant disease, is five times more frequent in the Afrikaner population of South Africa than in the original population of Europe from which the ancestors to the Afrikaners immigrated.This represents an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The southern migration of which African people may have led to a significant increase in the incidence of malaria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A genetic study conducted over two generations found that the frequencies of genotypes in the first generation were AA: 0.36, Aa: 0.48, aa: 0.16.In the second generation, genotype frequencies remained the same.According to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, we can assume:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The best-documented case of industrial melanism involves:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a classroom taste test for PTC the genotype frequency was determined to be P = 0.35 and Q = 0.65.After applying the Hardy-Weinberg equation, the percentage of genotypes was found to be as follows:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolution can best be defined as:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A polymorphic trait is one in which at l...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The potential effects of a point mutatio...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The founder effect is a special kind of ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified
Homozygous normal individuals have healt...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The peppered moth exists in two forms, o...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified