Question 1

Which of the following is not part of the urine-formation process?

Accepted Answer

A)   Glomerular filtration
B)   Tubular reabsorption
C)   Tubular secretion
D)   MicturationE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Water reabsorption occurs throughout the proximal tubule by the passive process of __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Water reabsorption occurs throughout the proximal tubule...

Question 3

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)  functions to promote water reabsorption. Where are the receptors for ADH located?

Accepted Answer

A)   In the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct
B)   In the proximal convoluted tubule
C)   In the ascending limb of the nephron loop
D)   In the descending limb of the nephron loop
E)   In the glomerular capillariesF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following indicates the parts of a renal tubule in the correct sequence from beginning to end?

Accepted Answer

A)   Proximal convoluted tubule, ascending limb of the nephron loop, descending limb of the nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule
B)   Distal convoluted tubule, ascending limb of the nephron loop, descending limb of the nephron loop, proximal convoluted tubule
C)   Proximal convoluted tubule, descending limb of the nephron loop, ascending limb of the nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule
D)   Descending limb of the nephron loop, ascending limb of the nephron loop, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule
E)   Descending limb of the nephron loop, ascending limb of the nephron loop, distal convoluted tubule, proximal convoluted tubuleF) C) and E)
G) B) and C) C

Question 5

Why is cystitis more common in females than in males?

Accepted Answer

A)   The female urethra is shorter than that of the male.
B)   The male is more resistant to infections.
C)   The female bladder is larger.
D)   The male bladder wall is thicker.
E)   The female is less resistantto infections.F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 6

The bundles of interlaced muscular fibers in the wall of the urinary bladder comprise the __________ muscle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The bundles of interlaced muscular fibers in...

Question 7

The renal corpuscle of a nephron is located within the renal __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The renal corpuscle of a nephron is...

Question 8

What would happen if the arteriole that supplies blood to the glomerulus constricts?

Accepted Answer

A)   Blood flow into the efferent arteriole would increase.
B)   The glomerular filtration rate would decrease.
C)   The hydrostatic pressure in the glomerulus would increase.
D)   The protein concentration of the glomerular filtrate would increase.
E)   The glomerular filtration rate would increase.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 9

How and where are the largest quantity of hydrogen ions secreted?

Accepted Answer

A)   Passively into the proximal convoluted tubule
B)   Passively into the distal convoluted tubule
C)   Actively into the proximal convoluted tubule
D)   Actively into the distal convoluted tubule
E)   Passively into the collecting ductF) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 10

The reabsorption of sodium under the influence of aldosteroneoccurs primarily in the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerular capsule
B)   nephron loop
C)   proximal convoluted tubule
D)   distal convoluted tubule
E)   renal pelvisF) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

As a result of excessively low arterial blood pressure, glomerular hydrostatic pressure __________, and filtration __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   increases; increases
B)   increases; decreases
C)   decreases; increases
D)   decreases; decreasesE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Uric acid results from the metabolism of nucleic acids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 13

Glomerular filtrate is nearly protein free.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Gout is a condition in which the plasma has an abnormally high concentration of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   uric acid
B)   urea
C)   calcium ions
D)   amino acids
E)   phosphate ionsF) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

In response to a decrease in concentration of blood __________, the kidneys secrete __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   calcium; renin
B)   oxygen; erythropoietin
C)   sodium; aldosterone
D)   potassium; ADH
E)   glucose; insulinF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

Most sodium reabsorption occurs in the __________ convoluted tubule of the nephron.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most sodium reabsorption occurs in the __________...

Question 17

Brian became dehydrated after a long run in the hot summer sun because he did not drink enough water. What will be the volume and concentration of his urine?

Accepted Answer

A)   Small amount of concentrated urine
B)   Small amount of diluted urine
C)   Large amount of concentrated urine
D)   Large amount of diluted urineE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

An antibiotic circulating in the blood passes through the kidneys. Only a miniscule amount of it passes from the glomerular capillary into the glomerular filtrate. When its presence in the urine is measured, it has been almost completely excreted. How is this possible?

Accepted Answer

A)   During the process of reabsorption, flow of water across the tubular membrane into the peritubular capillary passively encourages the antibiotic to cross the opposite way.
B)   Stimulation from nerves causes the efferent arteriole to constrict and force the antibiotic through the glomerular capillary into the filtrate.
C)   The antibiotic is actively transported into the proximal tubule during tubular secretion.
D)   Sodium ions crossing into the blood of the peritubular capillary increases osmotic pressure and forces the antibiotic into the proximal tubule.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 19

The kidneys lie on the posterior abdominal wall within the peritoneal cavity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 20

Glomerular filtrate has a composition similar to tissue fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 17: Urinary System

Which of the following is not part of the urine-formation process?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water reabsorption occurs throughout the proximal tubule by the passive process of __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) functions to promote water reabsorption. Where are the receptors for ADH located?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following indicates the parts of a renal tubule in the correct sequence from beginning to end?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Why is cystitis more common in females than in males?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bundles of interlaced muscular fibers in the wall of the urinary bladder comprise the __________ muscle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The renal corpuscle of a nephron is located within the renal __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What would happen if the arteriole that supplies blood to the glomerulus constricts?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How and where are the largest quantity of hydrogen ions secreted?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reabsorption of sodium under the influence of aldosteroneoccurs primarily in the __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a result of excessively low arterial blood pressure, glomerular hydrostatic pressure __________, and filtration __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Uric acid results from the metabolism of nucleic acids.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

Glomerular filtrate is nearly protein free.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gout is a condition in which the plasma has an abnormally high concentration of __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In response to a decrease in concentration of blood __________, the kidneys secrete __________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most sodium reabsorption occurs in the __________ convoluted tubule of the nephron.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Brian became dehydrated after a long run in the hot summer sun because he did not drink enough water. What will be the volume and concentration of his urine?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An antibiotic circulating in the blood passes through the kidneys. Only a miniscule amount of it passes from the glomerular capillary into the glomerular filtrate. When its presence in the urine is measured, it has been almost completely excreted. How is this possible?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The kidneys lie on the posterior abdominal wall within the peritoneal cavity.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

Glomerular filtrate has a composition similar to tissue fluid.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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C

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As a result of excessively low arterial blood pressure, glomerular hydrostatic pressure , and filtration .

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True

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In response to a decrease in concentration of blood , the kidneys secrete .

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False

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