Question 1

This is a diagram of calcium homeostasis. What process is represented by "E"?

Accepted Answer

A)   PTH promotes calcium reabsorption from urine.
B)   Vitamin D promotes calcium absorption.
C)   Calcium is removed from blood by osteoblasts.
D)   Calcium is lost in urine.
E)   PTH promotes calcium release into blood by osteoclast.F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 2

What is the site of long bone growth?

Accepted Answer

A)   endosteum
B)   epiphyseal plate
C)   medullary cavity
D)   periosteum
E)   diaphysisF) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 3

The type of lamellae found in osteons (Haversian systems)  is

Accepted Answer

A)   circumferential.
B)   interstitial.
C)   appositional.
D)   concentric.
E)   oppositional.F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 4

The application of small electrical charges to broken bones are sometimes used to enhance healing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

How does the urinary system contribute to osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Excessive smoking lowers estrogen levels, which increases bone loss.
B)   Decreased estrogen levels following menopause contribute to the disease.
C)   Immune cells resist infections and release chemicals that promote tissue repair.
D)   Calcium ions released from the bones are excreted.
E)   Lack of exposure to sunlight reduces vitamin D production and decreases calcium absorption.F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 6

Osteogenesis imperfecta is

Accepted Answer

A)   a disease in adults, especially women, characterized by a reduced amount of bone matrix.
B)   a disease in adults characterized by softening of bones resulting from calcium depletion.
C)   bone inflammation that often results from bacterial infection.
D)   a group of genetic disorders producing very brittle bones that are easily fractured; occurs because of insufficient collagen development.
E)   a disease in children characterized by soft, bowed, and swollen bones.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 7

The application of pressure creates a slight electrical charge on osteoblasts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is the membrane that lines the medullary cavity?

Accepted Answer

A)   fibers
B)   endosteum
C)   growth plate
D)   medullary cavity
E)   epiphysisF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

What effects can be attributed to increased pressure on a bone?

Accepted Answer

A)   increased osteoclast activity
B)   increased osteoblast activityC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 10

Spaces in the bone matrix that are occupied by osteocytes are

Accepted Answer

A)   periosteum.
B)   trabeculae.
C)   lacunae.
D)   lamellae.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Sixty-five year old Stephen has knee replacement surgery which requires a thin section of his distal femur to be removed. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Due to the invasive nature of the surgical procedure, Stephen is at risk for osteomyelitis, a bacterial infection of bone.
B)   Stephen has no risk of osteomyelitis because he tests negative for Staphylococcus aureus when given a skin swab.
C)   The health care team informs Stephen he is at high risk for osteomyelitis due to his age.
D)   As long as the surgery has minimal bleeding, Stephen will have no risk for developing osteomyelitis.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 12

The sequence of events that produces growth at the epiphyseal plate is

Accepted Answer

A)   hypertrophy, proliferation, calcification, ossification, and remodeling.
B)   hypertrophy, calcification, proliferation, cell death, ossification, and remodeling.
C)   proliferation, hypertrophy, calcification, cell death, ossification, and remodeling.
D)   calcification, hypertrophy, proliferation, ossification, cell death, and remodeling.
E)   proliferation, hypertrophy, cell death, calcification, ossification, and remodeling.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the Epiphyseal Plate. What is zone "B"?

Accepted Answer

A)   zone of calcification
B)   zone of proliferation
C)   zone of resting cartilage
D)   bone of diaphysis
E)   zone of hypertrophyF) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

In which type of bone are osteoblasts and osteoclasts present?

Accepted Answer

A)   spongy bone
B)   compact bone
C)   both spongy and compactD) All of the above
E) B) and C)

Question 15

A bone fracture generally found in children that is incomplete is a(an)

Accepted Answer

A)   complicated fracture.
B)   greenstick fracture.
C)   dentate fracture.
D)   hairline fracture.
E)   spiral fracture.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

Which of the following matrix molecules in cartilage tends to trap large quantities of water?

Accepted Answer

A)   proteoglycan
B)   hyaluronic acid
C)   elastin
D)   collagen
E)   chondrocytesF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Which of the following is correctly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)   periosteum - lines the medullary cavity
B)   osteoblasts - break down bone tissue
C)   osteoclasts - responsible for reabsorption
D)   endosteum - lines central canal of the osteon
E)   osteocytes - function in bone remodelingF) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

Haversian systems or osteons

Accepted Answer

A)   lack concentric lamellae.
B)   do not contain osteocytes.
C)   are found in spongy bone tissue.
D)   are avascular.
E)   are the basic units in compact bone tissue.F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 19

Which type of bone cells have processes that lie in canaliculi?

Accepted Answer

A)   osteocytes
B)   osteoblasts
C)   osteoclasts
D)   osteochondral progenitor cellE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Woven bone

Accepted Answer

A)   has a porous appearance.
B)   is not easily restructured.
C)   has its collagen fibers randomly oriented.
D)   is organized into thin sheets of tissue.
E)   is very light in weight.F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Exam 6: Skeletal System: Bones and Bone Tissue

The application of pressure creates a slight electrical charge on osteoblasts.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The type of lamellae found in osteons (Haversian systems) is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is correctly matched?

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What effects can be attributed to increased pressure on a bone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following matrix molecules in cartilage tends to trap large quantities of water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sixty-five year old Stephen has knee replacement surgery which requires a thin section of his distal femur to be removed. Which of the following statements is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The application of small electrical charges to broken bones are sometimes used to enhance healing.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This figure illustrates bone growth in length at the Epiphyseal Plate. What is zone "B"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This is a diagram of calcium homeostasis. What process is represented by "E"?

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What is the site of long bone growth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does the urinary system contribute to osteoporosis?

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In which type of bone are osteoblasts and osteoclasts present?

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Haversian systems or osteons

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Which type of bone cells have processes that lie in canaliculi?

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What is the membrane that lines the medullary cavity?

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Spaces in the bone matrix that are occupied by osteocytes are

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Woven bone

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Osteogenesis imperfecta is

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The sequence of events that produces growth at the epiphyseal plate is

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A bone fracture generally found in children that is incomplete is a(an)

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