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In the nonspecific body defense mechanism called ________, monocytes leave the bloodstream and become macrophages to attack pathogens in other tissues.

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Which of the following produce memory cells that trigger a strong response to future exposures to the same antigen?


A) Macrophages and lymphocytes
B) T cells
C) B cells
D) Natural killer (NK) cells
E) Complements

F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following activated T cells is active against viruses and protects the body against cancer?


A) Cytotoxic
B) Helper
C) Memory
D) NK
E) Macrophage

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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Fluids in the body are called ________.

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A substance that triggers an allergic response is called a(n) ________.

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Lymph flows through the vessels by ____.


A) gravity
B) the force of the heart's pumping
C) the contraction of the muscles in vessel walls
D) the squeezing action of the skeletal muscles
E) filtration

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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The most active phagocytes in the blood are neutrophils and ________.

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Which type of immunity results from a vaccine?


A) Naturally acquired active
B) Artificially acquired active
C) Naturally acquired passive
D) Artificially acquired passive
E) Species resistance

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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Which type of immunoglobulin recognizes bacteria, viruses, and toxins?


A) IgG
B) IgA
C) IgM
D) IgE
E) IgD

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Ted came to the office a week ago because he has been feeling weak and has had significant weight loss recently. He is back in the office today for a follow-up after further testing. Blood tests show that his T-cell count is 178. His temperature is 102.4, and his blood pressure is 100/62. Based on his signs and symptoms, you might expect the physician to perform further tests to rule out


A) systemic lupus erythematosus.
B) chronic fatigue syndrome.
C) lymphedema.
D) AIDS.
E) mononucleosis.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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A highly contagious viral infection spread through the saliva of the infected person and frequently affects teenagers is ________.

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Which of these antibodies is found in secretions of the body and prevents pathogens from entering the body?


A) IgG
B) IgA
C) IgM
D) IgE
E) IgD

F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

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Which of these occurs in response to an injury?


A) Chemical barrier
B) Mechanical barrier
C) Fever
D) Species resistance
E) Inflammation

F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Which immunoglobulin binds to antigens on food?


A) IgG
B) IgA
C) IgM
D) IgE
E) IgD

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following secrete lymphokines?


A) Macrophages and lymphocytes
B) T cells
C) Cytokines
D) Natural killer (NK) cells
E) Monokines

F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Which of the following are not signs or symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus?


A) Numbness of fingers and toes
B) Tender lymph nodes in the neck
C) "Butterfly" rash
D) Renal failure
E) Headaches

F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

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In which way does an individual develop a naturally acquired active immunity?


A) When antibodies from the mother cross the placenta to the fetus
B) When antibodies from the fetus cross the placenta to the mother
C) From immunization with antibodies to a disease-causing organism
D) From exposure to organisms that cause a disease
E) From administration of a vaccine with killed or weakened organisms

F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

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Interferon in the blood acts as which type of nonspecific body defense?


A) Chemical barrier
B) Mechanical barrier
C) Fever
D) Inflammation
E) Phagocytosis

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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