Question 1

The HIV virus is considered a(n)  ______ virus, because after getting integrated into the host cell chromosomes, it does not begin replicating immediately.

Accepted Answer

A)  phage
B)  latent
C)  transforming
D)  benignE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Which class of drugs would be effective against HIV but not against most other pathogenic viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nucleotide analogs that halt replication.
B)  Receptor antagonists that block viral entry.
C)  Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors that block reverse transcription.
D)  Translation inhibitors that stop assembly of viral proteins.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 3

A doctor's office has run out of the latest flu vaccine, but many patients are asking for it.One of the nurses finds some vials from last year's batch in a refrigerator.Should they be used?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes, because the preservatives and refrigeration ensure that the vaccine is still fresh.
B)  No, because each year the technology to make a good vaccine improves.
C)  No, because each year the vaccine is made against different subtypes of the flu virus.
D)  Maybe - the vaccine should be mixed in a test tube with the virus to see if it still inactivates it.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

Most viruses form a capsid around their nucleic acid core.This capsid is composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins.
B)  monosaccharides.
C)  glycoproteins.
D)  lipoproteins.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

What is the name for parasitic viral DNA that has been integrated into the chromosome of its bacterial host?

Accepted Answer

A)  prophage
B)  prophase
C)  viroid
D)  virionE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 6

A mutation in the gene encoding the integrase enzyme renders the protein non-functional.How would this affect-the HIV infection cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  The gp120 glycoprotein would not be able to bind the CCR5 receptor.
B)  Reverse transcription would not be possible.
C)  The viral DNA would not be able to integrate the viral genome into a chromosome.
D)  Cutting and assembling the capsid would be halted.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Viruses can ________ only after they have entered a host cell, and only by using the host's cellular machinery.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Viruses can ________ only after they have...

Question 8

HIV studies revealed that it is closely related to

Accepted Answer

A)  smallpox virus.
B)  ebola virus.
C)  herpes virus.
D)  a chimpanzee virus.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 9

A layer of lipoprotein and glycoprotein that covers the outer surface of some viruses is the

Accepted Answer

A)  capsid.
B)  casing.
C)  envelope.
D)  membrane.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

All of the following are part of phage conversion except

Accepted Answer

A)  injection of phage gene into host.
B)  transcription and translation of phage gene.
C)  induction of phage.
D)  expression of phage gene by host.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

A ____________ can contain DNA or RNA as its genetic material, but not both.

Accepted Answer

virus

Question 12

All of the following are diseases caused by viruses except

Accepted Answer

A)  strep throat.
B)  AIDS.
C)  polio.
D)  small pox.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D) A

Question 13

Nucleotide analogs are a class of drugs that are highly effective against many types of viruses.They work by halting the replication of viral genes.They are equally effective at stopping the spread of prion diseases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Tetracycline is effective against viruses because it disrupts the action of the viral ribosomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 15

What best describes whether a virus is likely to infect a particular cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Viruses infect the first cells they encounter.
B)  If a host cell is weakened, viruses are likely to infect it.
C)  A virus will only infect host cells with the correct surface receptors.
D)  Viruses only attack epithelial cells, such as the cells lining the lungs.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 16

The onset of AIDS is often accompanied by

Accepted Answer

A)  a steep drop in T cell numbers.
B)  macrophage infection.
C)  a positive HIV test.
D)  lung infections and other opportunistic infections.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 17

Scientists have demonstrated that the cholera bacteria, Vibrio cholerae, can exist as a rather harmless form or, by phage conversion, can exist as a disease-causing, virulent form.This conversion is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  the phage entering the cholera bacterium genome and causing the bacterium's cell to lyse.
B)  the phage introducing a gene into the bacterium's chromosome that codes for the cholera toxin that can cause death in humans.
C)  the phage altering the cell wall of the cholera bacterium that produces a toxin that can cause death in humans.
D)  the phage alters the host cell, which permits direct entry of the cholera bacterium into the host cell leading to death in humans.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

The infection cycle of HIV includes all of the following steps except

Accepted Answer

A)  attachment.
B)  entry.
C)  replication.
D)  immediately killing the host cell.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Integrase inhibitors work by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Agglutinating the reverse transcriptase inhibitors
B)  Degrading the viral envelope
C)  Preventing the incorporation of the viral DNA into the genome
D)  Blocking the final viral assemblyE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Gardasil is marketed as a cervical cancer vaccine, but it is actually a human papilloma virus (HPV)  vaccine.Why is this done?

Accepted Answer

A)  The virus multiplies more rapidly in cancerous cells.
B)  Cancer cells are particularly susceptible to viral infection.
C)  Genital warts is a sign of cancer.
D)  HPV in the cervical epithelial cells may cause the cells to become cancerous.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Exam 27: Viruses

The HIV virus is considered a(n) ______ virus, because after getting integrated into the host cell chromosomes, it does not begin replicating immediately.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which class of drugs would be effective against HIV but not against most other pathogenic viruses?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A doctor's office has run out of the latest flu vaccine, but many patients are asking for it.One of the nurses finds some vials from last year's batch in a refrigerator.Should they be used?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most viruses form a capsid around their nucleic acid core.This capsid is composed of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the name for parasitic viral DNA that has been integrated into the chromosome of its bacterial host?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mutation in the gene encoding the integrase enzyme renders the protein non-functional.How would this affect-the HIV infection cycle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Viruses can ________ only after they have entered a host cell, and only by using the host's cellular machinery.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

HIV studies revealed that it is closely related to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A layer of lipoprotein and glycoprotein that covers the outer surface of some viruses is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are part of phage conversion except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A ____________ can contain DNA or RNA as its genetic material, but not both.

Correct Answerverifiedvirus

All of the following are diseases caused by viruses except

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Nucleotide analogs are a class of drugs that are highly effective against many types of viruses.They work by halting the replication of viral genes.They are equally effective at stopping the spread of prion diseases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tetracycline is effective against viruses because it disrupts the action of the viral ribosomes.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

What best describes whether a virus is likely to infect a particular cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The onset of AIDS is often accompanied by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Scientists have demonstrated that the cholera bacteria, Vibrio cholerae, can exist as a rather harmless form or, by phage conversion, can exist as a disease-causing, virulent form.This conversion is caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The infection cycle of HIV includes all of the following steps except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Integrase inhibitors work by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gardasil is marketed as a cervical cancer vaccine, but it is actually a human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine.Why is this done?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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