Question 1

Select the statements that provide direct biogeographical evidence for evolutionary theory.Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Unrelated organisms from similar habitats exhibit similar characters.
B)  Terrestrial mammals are not found naturally on any island greater than 300 miles from a mainland.
C)  Organisms on islands are most similar to organisms on the nearby mainland,even when habitats on the mainland and island are quite different.
D)  Invasive rats have colonized more than 80% of the world's islands.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 2

A new winged species is discovered in the Amazon rainforest.Select the evidence that supports that this species' wings are homologous to vertebrate animals and analogous to insect wings.Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  The wings have an underlying bone structure.
B)  The wings are poisonous.
C)  Blood vessels are networked through the wings.
D)  The wings are covered in chitinous scales.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

The most likely explanation for why toothed whales have a blowhole is

Accepted Answer

A)  they evolved from an animal with gills.
B)  they evolved from an animal with nostrils.
C)  blowholes are better for large animals.
D)  blowholes are better for breathing underwater than gills are.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

The "scientific creationism" view includes all of the following beliefs except that

Accepted Answer

A)  biblical account of the origin of the earth is literally true.
B)  the earth is much younger than most scientists believe.
C)  all species of organisms were individually created.
D)  the organisms did not change from their original appearance.
E)  extinct species are replaced with new ones.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

It could be said that today's Australian marsupials and today's placental mammals have

Accepted Answer

A)  undergone divergent evolution.
B)  undergone selective advantage.
C)  undergone heterozygote advantage.
D)  undergone convergent evolution.
E)  developed homologous structures.F) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

Mollusk eyes and vertebrate eyes are

Accepted Answer

A)  analogous structures,because they arise from the same structures during development.
B)  analogous structures,because they have the same function but derive from different common ancestors.
C)  homologous structures,because they have different functions.
D)  homologous structures,because they are derived from the same common ancestor.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Convergent evolution occurs when two species living in

Accepted Answer

A)  the same area become reproductively isolated.
B)  different areas become reestablished and are able to reproduce.
C)  the same area are competing for the same resource thus causing one to evolve away from the other.
D)  different areas evolve similarities through natural selection acting on those characteristics.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Which "alternate" hypothesis might also explain industrial melanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Dark moths are more resistant to the toxic effects of pollution than light moths.
B)  Dark moths emigrate out of polluted areas to escape the pollution.
C)  Pollution kills important tree species that peppered moths depend on for egg laying.
D)  Because dark moths absorb more heat,they are more active and better able to avoid bird predation.
E)  Birds used the marks that Kettlewell placed on the moths when he released them to help them find and capture the moths.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 9

In 2006,scientists discovered a fossil that had scales and gills,a flat head with eyes on top like a crocodile,and fin and neck bones that would allow it to prop itself out of the water.The best explanation for this fossil is that it is

Accepted Answer

A)  a transitional fossil between fish and amphibians.
B)  a transitional fossil between amphibians and reptiles.
C)  a ray-finned fish.
D)  a modern amphibian.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 10

A technique used in dating a rock can be used to accurately predict the age of the fossils occurring in the rocks.This technique involves

Accepted Answer

A)  fossil dating.
B)  successive rock layering.
C)  radioactive isotope decay.
D)  structural geology.
E)  developmental geology.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

In studying the medium ground finch on Daphne Major,the Grants noted that each generation of finches had beaks

Accepted Answer

A)  best suited for their parents' environment.
B)  best suited for their current environment.
C)  smaller than those of the previous generation.
D)  larger than those of the previous generation.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

In the laboratory,fruit flies (Drosophila) were artificially selected for the number of bristles on their bodies.One population (R) was selected for low numbers of bristles,a second population (S) for high numbers of bristles.
 
-In order for the scientists to artificially select Drosophila for their number of bristles,

Accepted Answer

A)  they had to induce mutations into their populations of Drosophila.
B)  they had to study the population for millions of years.
C)  genetic variation had to be present in the population.
D)  dramatic mutations had to be produced by the selection.
E)  the number of bristles in each Drosophila had to be random.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

Homologous structures are

Accepted Answer

A)  structures of animals that appear to have evolved from different parts of their bodies.
B)  structures of animals that have different appearances and functions but seem to have evolved from the same body part in a common ancestor.
C)  structures of animals that have the same appearances and functions but obviously no common ancestor.
D)  structures of animals that have different appearances and functions but different ancestors.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

Progressive changes in the fossil record are evidence for evolution because

Accepted Answer

A)  they show descent with modification.
B)  they show inheritance of acquired characteristics.
C)  they show evolutionary change at the level of the individual.
D)  they show gaps in the fossil record.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Which statement best describes the correlation between beak depths and the dryness of the environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Birds with large beaks are favored during wet years.
B)  Birds with small beaks are favored in dry years.
C)  Birds with large beaks are favored during dry years.
D)  Birds with either size beak (large or small) are favored equally.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 16

Which observation(s) of the medium ground finch (Geospiza fortis) by Peter and Rosemary Grant verify Darwin's selection hypothesis? Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Considerable variation existed in the beak size and shape of this finch.
B)  The medium ground finch showed assortative mating according to beak size and shape.
C)  Beak shape (depth) varied with the dryness of the year.
D)  Offspring were similar to parents in beak size and shape.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

-The pattern of wet years and dry years shown will probably move the population toward

Accepted Answer

A)  all having larger beaks.
B)  all having smaller beaks.
C)  having intermediate size beaks.
D)  having two,distinct populations.
E)  maintaining abundant variation in beak depth.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Considerably more phenotypic variation exists in domesticated varieties of species like dogs and cabbages than exists in non-domesticated species like lions and maple trees.Which one of the following statements best explains why this is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no selection and mating is random under domestication.
B)  During domestication,very high rates of mutation are induced.
C)  Genetic drift is important because domestication involves small populations.
D)  Many domesticated varieties would not survive in the natural world.
E)  Domesticated species exhibit "hybrid vigor" (heterosis) .F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 19

A scientist studying evolution of peppered moths (Biston betularia) in Michigan observed that the percentage of melanic moths increased by around 2% from 1960-1961.Has evolution occurred in this population?

Accepted Answer

A)  No,because melanism wasn't adaptive at that time.
B)  No,because the frequency of the melanic moths did not change enough to be considered evolution.
C)  Yes,because the frequency of the melanic moths in the population changed over time.
D)  Yes,because the frequency of melanic moths decreased.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Structures that have no apparent function but had a function in ancestral species are

Accepted Answer

A)  the fossil record.
B)  the molecular record.
C)  homology.
D)  development.
E)  vestigial structures.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Exam 21: The Evidence for Evolution

Which statement best describes the correlation between beak depths and the dryness of the environment?

Correct Answer
verified

It could be said that today's Australian marsupials and today's placental mammals have

Correct Answer
verified

-The pattern of wet years and dry years shown will probably move the population toward

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

A new winged species is discovered in the Amazon rainforest.Select the evidence that supports that this species' wings are homologous to vertebrate animals and analogous to insect wings.Check all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

Homologous structures are

Correct Answer
verified

Select the statements that provide direct biogeographical evidence for evolutionary theory.Check all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

Which observation(s) of the medium ground finch (Geospiza fortis) by Peter and Rosemary Grant verify Darwin's selection hypothesis? Check all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

A scientist studying evolution of peppered moths (Biston betularia) in Michigan observed that the percentage of melanic moths increased by around 2% from 1960-1961.Has evolution occurred in this population?

Correct Answer
verified

Which "alternate" hypothesis might also explain industrial melanism?

Correct Answer
verified

Structures that have no apparent function but had a function in ancestral species are

Correct Answer
verified

In 2006,scientists discovered a fossil that had scales and gills,a flat head with eyes on top like a crocodile,and fin and neck bones that would allow it to prop itself out of the water.The best explanation for this fossil is that it is

Correct Answer
verified

Considerably more phenotypic variation exists in domesticated varieties of species like dogs and cabbages than exists in non-domesticated species like lions and maple trees.Which one of the following statements best explains why this is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Mollusk eyes and vertebrate eyes are

Correct Answer
verified

A technique used in dating a rock can be used to accurately predict the age of the fossils occurring in the rocks.This technique involves

Correct Answer
verified

In studying the medium ground finch on Daphne Major,the Grants noted that each generation of finches had beaks

Correct Answer
verified

The most likely explanation for why toothed whales have a blowhole is

Correct Answer
verified

The "scientific creationism" view includes all of the following beliefs except that

Correct Answer
verified

Convergent evolution occurs when two species living in

Correct Answer
verified

Progressive changes in the fossil record are evidence for evolution because

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 21: The Evidence for Evolution

Which statement best describes the correlation between beak depths and the dryness of the environment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It could be said that today's Australian marsupials and today's placental mammals have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-The pattern of wet years and dry years shown will probably move the population toward

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A new winged species is discovered in the Amazon rainforest.Select the evidence that supports that this species' wings are homologous to vertebrate animals and analogous to insect wings.Check all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Homologous structures are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the statements that provide direct biogeographical evidence for evolutionary theory.Check all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which observation(s) of the medium ground finch (Geospiza fortis) by Peter and Rosemary Grant verify Darwin's selection hypothesis? Check all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A scientist studying evolution of peppered moths (Biston betularia) in Michigan observed that the percentage of melanic moths increased by around 2% from 1960-1961.Has evolution occurred in this population?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which "alternate" hypothesis might also explain industrial melanism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Structures that have no apparent function but had a function in ancestral species are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In 2006,scientists discovered a fossil that had scales and gills,a flat head with eyes on top like a crocodile,and fin and neck bones that would allow it to prop itself out of the water.The best explanation for this fossil is that it is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Considerably more phenotypic variation exists in domesticated varieties of species like dogs and cabbages than exists in non-domesticated species like lions and maple trees.Which one of the following statements best explains why this is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mollusk eyes and vertebrate eyes are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A technique used in dating a rock can be used to accurately predict the age of the fossils occurring in the rocks.This technique involves

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In studying the medium ground finch on Daphne Major,the Grants noted that each generation of finches had beaks

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most likely explanation for why toothed whales have a blowhole is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The "scientific creationism" view includes all of the following beliefs except that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Convergent evolution occurs when two species living in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Progressive changes in the fossil record are evidence for evolution because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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verified

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Correct Answer
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