Question 1

Darley and Latané set up an experiment in which participants listening over headphones heard another participant suffering a seizure and crying for help. Of participants who believed there were _____ other witnesses, _____ sought to help the victim.

Accepted Answer

A)   no; none
B)   no; 85 percent
C)   no; 31 percent
D)   four; 85 percentE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 2

Sarah, a university student who studies psychology, is most likely to help which of the following individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bill, a 60-year old politician.
B)   Jane, a 16 year old high-school drop-out.
C)   Sarah, a 45-year old nurse.
D)   Paul, a 24-year old construction worker.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Celeste is walking along the street one day when she sees that a blood-donor clinic is in progress. She is least likely to stop and give blood if she

Accepted Answer

A)   knows someone who requires frequent blood transfusions.
B)   is just out for a walk, with nowhere she has to get to.
C)   is on her way to do something really fun.
D)   none of these choices-there's no predicting when someone will help.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

Evolutionary psychology contends that the essence of life is

Accepted Answer

A)   gene survival.
B)   self-actualization.
C)   holistic health.
D)   the discovery of meaning.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Altruism's ultimate goal is to

Accepted Answer

A)   contribute to another's welfare.
B)   contribute to one's own welfare.
C)   contribute to one's own welfare as well as another's welfare.
D)   diminish one's own welfare.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Few findings have been more consistent than the fact that __________ people are helpful people.

Accepted Answer

A)   happy
B)   well-rested
C)   well-educated
D)   easy-goingE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Foss (1978)  found that

Accepted Answer

A)   neophyte blood donors, unlike veterans, were usually there at someone's personal invitation.
B)   neophyte blood donors, unlike veterans, were there even when uninvited.
C)   neophyte blood donors, unlike veterans, were never there.
D)   both A and C are correct.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Edward has just learned that his grandfather wrongly profited from the seizure of Japanese Canadians' property during the war. When asked, he quickly agrees to donate money to an anti-racism activist group. What is the most likely reason?

Accepted Answer

A)   Edward felt guilty.
B)   The social comparison theory predicts helping.
C)   Egoism is a powerful motivator.
D)   None of these choices are correct.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 9

According to the text, the social-responsibility norm gets selectively applied according to the following principle:

Accepted Answer

A)   Give but require repayment with interest.
B)   Give people what they deserve.
C)   Give away only what you will never use.
D)   Do unto others as they have done unto you.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Lydia lives in Toronto, and constantly sees people "in need" when she walks to and from work. She doesn't often help anyone anymore, as there are just too many people that "need" something. Lydia is most likely experiencing

Accepted Answer

A)   a diffusion of responsibility.
B)   the bystander effect.
C)   compassion fatigue and sensory overload.
D)   the social conflict effect.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

The situation is an important factor in understanding altruism. In this way, altruism is like

Accepted Answer

A)   the bystander effect.
B)   conformity.
C)   groupthink.
D)   bottom-up processing.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Sylvain has just started to attend a very large university. Walking across campus one day he sees a young man trying to carry too many heavy books. According to your text, Sylvain is most likely to help if

Accepted Answer

A)   the man looks like another student rather than a professor.
B)   the man is very attractive.
C)   Sylvain is late for class.
D)   the man is Sylain's new next-door neighbour.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

According to Daniel Batson, when witnessing another person's distress triggers empathy and compassion, the act of helping is motivated by

Accepted Answer

A)   egoism.
B)   altruism.
C)   the social responsibility norm.
D)   anxiety reduction.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

The act of human interaction with the intent to minimize one's costs and maximize one's rewards defines

Accepted Answer

A)   social-exchange theory.
B)   egoism.
C)   the reciprocity norm.
D)   self-theory.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the relationship between gender and helping is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Male helpers are more likely to help female victims than male victims.
B)   Female helpers are equally likely to help female and male victims.
C)   Women are more likely to seek help.
D)   All of these choices.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

After Mr. Walters's neighbour helped him paint his house, Mr. Walters felt obligated to offer to help the neighbour remodel his kitchen. Mr. Walters's sense of obligation most likely resulted from the

Accepted Answer

A)   door-in-the-face phenomenon.
B)   social responsibility norm.
C)   reciprocity norm.
D)   equal status norm.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Before agreeing to help out at the local homeless shelter, Sharon weighs the costs (e.g., getting up at dawn)  and benefits (e.g., feeling good about herself)  of doing so. This strategy would be predicted by

Accepted Answer

A)   the empathy-altruism hypothesis.
B)   social-exchange theory.
C)   the social responsibility norm.
D)   social comparison theory.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

The doctrine of psychological egoism maintains that

Accepted Answer

A)   self-esteem is a more important motive than social approval.
B)   self-interest motivates all behaviour.
C)   our self-concept is determined by others' evaluation of us.
D)   the healthy personality has a strong ego.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 19

A stranger has collapsed on a city sidewalk due to a heart attack. According to Darley and Latané, what is the first thing that must happen before you will help in this emergency?

Accepted Answer

A)   You must recognize the event as life-threatening.
B)   You must assume responsibility for helping.
C)   You must notice the stranger.
D)   You must make sure the victim is alone and truly in need of help.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

In an enactment of the Good Samaritan situation, Darley and Batson studied the helpfulness of Princeton seminarians in order to assess whether helping behaviour is influenced by

Accepted Answer

A)   religious education.
B)   age differences.
C)   social responsibility.
D)   time pressures.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 9: Aggression: Hurting Others

The situation is an important factor in understanding altruism. In this way, altruism is like

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an enactment of the Good Samaritan situation, Darley and Batson studied the helpfulness of Princeton seminarians in order to assess whether helping behaviour is influenced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Darley and Latané set up an experiment in which participants listening over headphones heard another participant suffering a seizure and crying for help. Of participants who believed there were _____ other witnesses, _____ sought to help the victim.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Few findings have been more consistent than the fact that __________ people are helpful people.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The act of human interaction with the intent to minimize one's costs and maximize one's rewards defines

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Foss (1978) found that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Before agreeing to help out at the local homeless shelter, Sharon weighs the costs (e.g., getting up at dawn) and benefits (e.g., feeling good about herself) of doing so. This strategy would be predicted by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Edward has just learned that his grandfather wrongly profited from the seizure of Japanese Canadians' property during the war. When asked, he quickly agrees to donate money to an anti-racism activist group. What is the most likely reason?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lydia lives in Toronto, and constantly sees people "in need" when she walks to and from work. She doesn't often help anyone anymore, as there are just too many people that "need" something. Lydia is most likely experiencing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Celeste is walking along the street one day when she sees that a blood-donor clinic is in progress. She is least likely to stop and give blood if she

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about the relationship between gender and helping is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After Mr. Walters's neighbour helped him paint his house, Mr. Walters felt obligated to offer to help the neighbour remodel his kitchen. Mr. Walters's sense of obligation most likely resulted from the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sarah, a university student who studies psychology, is most likely to help which of the following individuals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Daniel Batson, when witnessing another person's distress triggers empathy and compassion, the act of helping is motivated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A stranger has collapsed on a city sidewalk due to a heart attack. According to Darley and Latané, what is the first thing that must happen before you will help in this emergency?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the text, the social-responsibility norm gets selectively applied according to the following principle:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Altruism's ultimate goal is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The doctrine of psychological egoism maintains that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary psychology contends that the essence of life is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sylvain has just started to attend a very large university. Walking across campus one day he sees a young man trying to carry too many heavy books. According to your text, Sylvain is most likely to help if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Darley and Latané set up an experiment in which participants listening over headphones heard another participant suffering a seizure and crying for help. Of participants who believed there were _ other witnesses, _ sought to help the victim.

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