Question 1

Which gland produces melatonin?

Accepted Answer

A)   pancreas
B)   pineal gland
C)   adrenal gland
D)   thyroid gland
E)   pituitaryF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

What is the potential benefit for a woman to choose a mate who has a different major histocompatibility complex than themselves?

Accepted Answer

A)   increased immune response for their offspring
B)   increased intellectual ability of the offspring
C)   greater chance of fertility
D)   greater chance for attracting a successful mate
E)   increased chance of producing multiple offspringF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following hormones is produced by the thyroid gland and controls blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

A)   mineralocorticoids
B)   parathyroid hormone
C)   T4
D)   calcitonin
E)   T3F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 4

One side effect of anabolic steroids to increase muscle bulk is that the testes shrink. Since the testes also produce testosterone, what is the likely mechanism for this shrinkage?

Accepted Answer

A)   The anterior pituitary assumes overproduction and drops the level of hormones that cause the testes to develop.
B)   Artificial testosterone causes a negative feedback to the anterior pituitary that in turn tries to stimulate ovary development.
C)   Testosterone has a negative feedback effect directly on testes.
D)   Artificial testosterone is toxic to testicular cells.
E)   Excess testosterone actually backfires and reverses the effects of puberty.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

Endocrine glands have no ducts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The production of hormones is usually controlled in what two ways?

Accepted Answer

A)   positive and negative feedback mechanisms
B)   neurosecretions and endocrine gland secretions
C)   cooperative hormones and antagonist hormones
D)   negative feedback and other hormone actions
E)   positive feedback and cooperative hormonesF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 7

Which hormone stimulates the rate at which amino acids enter the cell, increasing protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   oxytocin
B)   melanocyte-stimulating hormone
C)   anti-diuretic hormone
D)   growth hormone
E)   gonadotropic hormoneF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following is an effect of somatostatin?

Accepted Answer

A)   The small intestine decreases the absorption of nutrients from the digestive tract.
B)   The liver stores glucose from the blood as glycogen.
C)   Muscle cells store glycogen and build protein.
D)   Adipose tissue uses glucose from the blood to form fat.
E)   Blood glucose levels drop.F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Which of the following statements about T3 and T4 is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   T43 has more potent activity than T4.
B)   They are both produced from tyrosine.
C)   They are both considered peptide hormones.
D)   T3 contains 3 iodine atoms while T4 contains 4 iodine atoms.
E)   All of the answer choices are true statements.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

If a chemical agent acted to make the nuclear envelope pores impermeable to the passage of hormones, what effect would it have?

Accepted Answer

A)   Neither steroid nor peptide hormones would be effective.
B)   Steroid hormones would continue to be effective but peptide hormones would be ineffective.
C)   Peptide hormones would continue to be effective but steroid hormones would be ineffective.
D)   Both steroid and peptide hormones would continue to be effective.
E)   It would depend on the cell being affected.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Oversecretion of thyroid hormone results in

Accepted Answer

A)   Cushing syndrome.
B)   Addison disease.
C)   Graves disease.
D)   a simple goiter.
E)   acromegaly.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 12

Steroid hormones always have the same complex of four-carbon rings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

A hormone that acts on the hypothalamus to signal satiety is

Accepted Answer

A)   melatonin.
B)   thymosin.
C)   leptin.
D)   growth hormone.
E)   prostaglandin.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

What hormones produced by the adrenal cortex regulate salt and water balance?

Accepted Answer

A)   adrenal steroids
B)   adrenalins
C)   glucocorticoids
D)   thymosins
E)   mineralocorticoidsF) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 15

The condition that results when there is an increased production of human growth hormone in an adult is termed

Accepted Answer

A)   Cushing syndrome.
B)   Addison disease.
C)   gigantism.
D)   dwarfism.
E)   acromegaly.F) B) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 16

What is the role of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors?

Accepted Answer

A)   cause the bone marrow stem cells to form into different types of white blood cells
B)   cause the bone marrow stem cells to form into different types of red blood cells
C)   increase the number of fibroblasts
D)   increase the number of smooth muscle cells
E)   stimulate the healing of woundsF) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 17

Cortisone is derived from the hormone cortisol that is released from the

Accepted Answer

A)   adrenal medulla.
B)   adrenal cortex.
C)   thyroid.
D)   parathyroid.
E)   posterior pituitary.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

Which hormone will decrease blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

A)   thyroxin
B)   aldosterone
C)   cortisol
D)   insulin
E)   glucagonsF) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 19

Which statement is correct about the role of mineralocorticoids?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mineralocorticoids are used to regulate salt and water balances in the body, leading to an increase in the blood volume and blood pressure.
B)   Mineralocorticoids are used to regulate salt and water balances in the body, leading to a decrease in the blood volume and blood pressure.
C)   Mineralocorticoids are used to regulate salt and water balances in the body, leading to an increase in the blood volume but a decrease in blood pressure.
D)   Mineralocorticoids are used to regulate carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism, leading to an increase in the blood glucose levels.
E)   Mineralocorticoids are used to regulate carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism, leading to a decrease in the blood glucose levels.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Too much urine indicates

Accepted Answer

A)   too little ADH.
B)   too much ADH.
C)   too little ACTH.
D)   too much ACTH.
E)   an imbalance between the ADH and ACTH levels.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Exam 20: Endocrine System

Which of the following statements about T3 and T4 is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following hormones is produced by the thyroid gland and controls blood calcium levels?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The production of hormones is usually controlled in what two ways?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a chemical agent acted to make the nuclear envelope pores impermeable to the passage of hormones, what effect would it have?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The condition that results when there is an increased production of human growth hormone in an adult is termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A hormone that acts on the hypothalamus to signal satiety is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oversecretion of thyroid hormone results in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which hormone will decrease blood glucose levels?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Too much urine indicates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cortisone is derived from the hormone cortisol that is released from the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is correct about the role of mineralocorticoids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the role of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which hormone stimulates the rate at which amino acids enter the cell, increasing protein synthesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an effect of somatostatin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What hormones produced by the adrenal cortex regulate salt and water balance?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the potential benefit for a woman to choose a mate who has a different major histocompatibility complex than themselves?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Endocrine glands have no ducts.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which gland produces melatonin?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Steroid hormones always have the same complex of four-carbon rings.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One side effect of anabolic steroids to increase muscle bulk is that the testes shrink. Since the testes also produce testosterone, what is the likely mechanism for this shrinkage?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about T₃ and T₄ is true?

Correct Answer
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