Question 1

The brain wave pattern of a person in ____ sleep resembles the brain wave pattern observed when the individual is awake and alert.

Accepted Answer

A)   Stage 1
B)   Stage 4
C)   REM
D)   NREME) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 2

Kayla's core body temperature has risen 1.5 degrees in the last half hour. This change in body temperature means that it is most likely that Kayla

Accepted Answer

A)   has just fallen asleep.
B)   will fall asleep in the next 60 minutes.
C)   has just woken up.
D)   has been meditating for the past 30 minutes.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT associated with a state of hypnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   narrowed attention
B)   increased or enhanced fantasy
C)   decrease in suggestibility
D)   increase in passive relaxationE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 4

If you interpreted Peter's dream of arguing with a larger-than-life faceless authority figure as an attempt on his part to decide which approach to take in convincing his father of the merits of his future plans, you would be subscribing to the

Accepted Answer

A)   problem-solving theory of dreams.
B)   activation-synthesis theory of dreams.
C)   wish-fulfillment theory of dreams.
D)   neural overflow hypothesis of dreams.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

One recent study suggested that ____ treatments produce more long-lasting benefits in the treatment of insomnia than do drug therapies.

Accepted Answer

A)   hypnosis
B)   psychoanalytic
C)   behavioral
D)   electroconvulsive shockE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

The evidence from numerous studies suggests that the negative effects of shift rotation can be reduced if

Accepted Answer

A)   the workers take melatonin at the onset of their work shift.
B)   the workers are not exposed to bright light at anytime during their work week.
C)   the workers take melatonin at the end of their work shift.
D)   the workers have progressively later starting times and have longer periods between shift changes.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Mackenzie was in a car accident, and when she hit her head the ascending fibers in her reticular activating system were damaged. With this type of injury, it is likely that Mackenzie will

Accepted Answer

A)   no longer experience REM sleep.
B)   be in a continuous sleep state.
C)   not be able to sleep for more than a few minutes at a time.
D)   no longer experience Stage 2 or Stage 3 sleep.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

The idea that hypnosis is associated with divided consciousness and is an altered state is most consistent with which of the following theories of hypnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Barber's role theory
B)   Schachter's cognitive theory
C)   Freud's psychoanalytic theory
D)   Hilgard's dissociation theoryE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Cultures ____ dreaming.

Accepted Answer

A)   vary in the significance they place on
B)   are very similar in the significance they place on
C)   vary in the proportion of sleep time they spend
D)   vary in the total amount of sleep time they spendE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

A hypnotist is putting on a demonstration, and your friend Benjamin is thinking about volunteering. However, he is a little nervous because he is afraid he might do things while he is hypnotized that he would normally not do. Based on research into the effects of hypnosis, you should tell Benjamin

Accepted Answer

A)   people will never do things under hypnosis that they would normally consider unacceptable.
B)   people will often do things under hypnosis that they would normally consider unacceptable.
C)   sometimes people will do things under hypnosis that they would normally consider unacceptable.
D)   hypnosis doesn't really work, so he shouldn't bother volunteering.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Dreaming is typically associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   REM sleep.
B)   stage 1 sleep.
C)   stage 2 sleep.
D)   stage 4 sleep.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Evolutionary psychology suggests that consciousness

Accepted Answer

A)   develops during adolescence.
B)   develops only in highly evolved cultures.
C)   must serve an unconscious purpose.
D)   must serve an adaptive purpose.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 13

While Nicholas was hypnotized he was able to endure painful jaw surgery without any anesthesia. This could be taken as support for the view that hypnosis

Accepted Answer

A)   causes people to act out a role.
B)   is the same as REM-sleep.
C)   is the same as slow-wave sleep.
D)   creates a dissociation in conscious awareness.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Last night, five-year-old Ross let out a piercing cry and abruptly awakened in a state of panic. Most likely, Ross experienced

Accepted Answer

A)   narcolepsy.
B)   a night terror.
C)   a nightmare.
D)   sleep apnea.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

You are observing your friend Melissa while she is sleeping. She is tossing and turning. It is most likely that Melissa is currently in

Accepted Answer

A)   NREM sleep and she is acting out a dream she is experiencing.
B)   REM sleep and is acting out a dream that she is experiencing.
C)   NREM sleep and her movements are random.
D)   REM sleep and her movements are random.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Researchers have tried exposure to ____ as a treatment to realign circadian rhythms.

Accepted Answer

A)   melatonin
B)   caffeine
C)   bright light
D)   endorphinsE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 17

Jacob is attached to an electroencephalograph (EEG)  and it is recording brain waves at 20 cycles per second. Jacob is MOST likely

Accepted Answer

A)   alert and awake.
B)   deeply relaxed and meditating.
C)   lightly sleeping.
D)   in very deep sleep.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Over the course of several nights Jack is selectively deprived of REM sleep and Jill deprived of slow-wave sleep. Which of the following BEST describes their pattern of sleeping when first allowed uninterrupted sleep?

Accepted Answer

A)   Jack will show increased REM sleep and Jill will show increased slow-wave sleep
B)   Jack will show increased REM sleep and Jill will show increased REM sleep
C)   Jack will show increased REM sleep and Jill will show no change in REM or slow-wave sleep
D)   Jack will show decreased REM sleep and Jill will show decreased slow-wave sleepE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 19

"Manny got out of bed and began doing calisthenics during REM sleep, probably because he was dreaming about boot camp." What is WRONG with this statement?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sleep is a relaxed condition of the body and, as such, precludes physical activity.
B)   Research shows that no dreaming takes place in REM sleep.
C)   Research shows that we are virtually paralyzed in REM sleep.
D)   Manny was never in boot camp so he is not likely to be dreaming about it.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Felicia is being monitored in a sleep lab. Which of the following instruments would MOST likely be used to measure her muscle tension?

Accepted Answer

A)   electromyograph
B)   circadiometer
C)   electroencephalograph
D)   polygraphE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Exam 9: Variations in Consciousness Part 1

Kayla's core body temperature has risen 1.5 degrees in the last half hour. This change in body temperature means that it is most likely that Kayla

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The evidence from numerous studies suggests that the negative effects of shift rotation can be reduced if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Felicia is being monitored in a sleep lab. Which of the following instruments would MOST likely be used to measure her muscle tension?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While Nicholas was hypnotized he was able to endure painful jaw surgery without any anesthesia. This could be taken as support for the view that hypnosis

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dreaming is typically associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers have tried exposure to ____ as a treatment to realign circadian rhythms.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A hypnotist is putting on a demonstration, and your friend Benjamin is thinking about volunteering. However, he is a little nervous because he is afraid he might do things while he is hypnotized that he would normally not do. Based on research into the effects of hypnosis, you should tell Benjamin

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary psychology suggests that consciousness

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Manny got out of bed and began doing calisthenics during REM sleep, probably because he was dreaming about boot camp." What is WRONG with this statement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The idea that hypnosis is associated with divided consciousness and is an altered state is most consistent with which of the following theories of hypnosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jacob is attached to an electroencephalograph (EEG) and it is recording brain waves at 20 cycles per second. Jacob is MOST likely

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT associated with a state of hypnosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are observing your friend Melissa while she is sleeping. She is tossing and turning. It is most likely that Melissa is currently in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mackenzie was in a car accident, and when she hit her head the ascending fibers in her reticular activating system were damaged. With this type of injury, it is likely that Mackenzie will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The brain wave pattern of a person in ____ sleep resembles the brain wave pattern observed when the individual is awake and alert.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Over the course of several nights Jack is selectively deprived of REM sleep and Jill deprived of slow-wave sleep. Which of the following BEST describes their pattern of sleeping when first allowed uninterrupted sleep?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One recent study suggested that ____ treatments produce more long-lasting benefits in the treatment of insomnia than do drug therapies.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Last night, five-year-old Ross let out a piercing cry and abruptly awakened in a state of panic. Most likely, Ross experienced

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cultures ____ dreaming.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you interpreted Peter's dream of arguing with a larger-than-life faceless authority figure as an attempt on his part to decide which approach to take in convincing his father of the merits of his future plans, you would be subscribing to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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